Elements and Principles of Design

Elements of Design are the parts What are they? Elements of Design are the parts - They structure and carry the work Principles of Design - They affect the content and the message

Elements of Design: Visual tools the artist uses Space * Line *Shape Form *Color * Value Texture

Line Is strokes that show motion and connecting two points. The artist Paul Klee said “ LINE WAS A DOT TAKING A WALK.” It has five characteristics: Length, width, curvature, depth, and texture

Shape Is an ENCLOSED LINE. It has HEIGHT and WIDTH and is usually considered flat or 2- D There are four basic shapes: CIRCLE, SQUARE, RECTANGLE, and TRIANGLE

Two types of Shape Geometric: Hard-Edged shapes such as squares, rectangles, circles and triangles. Organic: A shape with smooth, curved lines, shapes and edges that resembles something from nature or life.

Form Is TWO OR MORE SHAPES COMBINED. It has height, width and DEPTH. It is considered 3-D and usually you can walk around and/ or through it. There are four forms…. SPHERE, CONE, CYLINDER, and CUBE (which is man-made)

Space Is the AREA the artist works on. It can be paper, clay, canvas, walls, etc. It has two characteristics: POSITIVE… the object (the tree) NEGATIVE… the voided area surrounding the object.(the white)

Color HUE is another word for color. There are: 3 PRIMARY colors common name of a hue found in or related to the color spectrum HUE is another word for color. There are: 3 PRIMARY colors 3 SECONDARY colors 6 INTERMEDIATE colors * All placed evenly around the color wheel

Value IS THE LIGHTNESS AND DARKNESS OF A COLOR OR NEUTRAL GREY. White added to a color is a TINT Gray added to a color is a TONE Black added to a color is a SHADE.

TEXTURE THE FEEL OF A SURFACE. There are two kinds: ACTUAL OR REAL… usually made by nature IMPLIED OR FAKE… Usually created by man.

Principles of Design Directions for the Elements Balance * Movement Repetition * Emphasis Contrast * Unity Rythm

Balance EQUILIBRIUM… the feeling of being comfortable in artwork. Where the elements are placed in the picture in a way so they have equal weight There are two kinds… SYMMETRICAL or formal balance which is objects centered ASYMMETRICAL or informal balance which is more objects on one side or off centered.

Movement THE PATH OUR EYES FOLLOW IN ART WORK. Usually it brings the viewer in, around, and through the piece. Also known as Rhythm

Repetition IS REPEATED ELEMENTS… which is varied in size, shape or color Also known as pattern.

Emphasis DRAWING ATTENTION TO THE MAIN OBJECT. All elements; like line, color, and shapes, direct your eyes to the main point.

Contrast THE OPPOSITE OR VARIED ELEMENTS that make an artwork interesting. Such as; color thick or thin lines, large or small shapes rough or smooth texture etc.

Unity ONENESS… makes all the elements and principles' work together to form a piece of art. Also called harmony

Rhythm Lines, shapes, or patterns that create a feeling of movement