What is a Sentence? Mrs. Marino Houghton Mifflin, Reading, grade 3 Extra Support Handbook Pages 20-21

Bare Bones Capital letter at the beginning Subject: noun or subject pronoun Predicate: verb Punctuation That’s all? No, but don’t race ahead of me!

Let Me Explain Noun: Names a person, place, thing, or idea Person: common noun or proper noun –Common: girl, boy –Proper: Emma, Donald Place: common noun or proper noun –Common: school –Proper: John L. Golden Elementary Thing: common noun or proper noun –Common: dog –Proper: Tea Cup Chihuahua Idea: common noun –friendship, love, courage, bravery

Here’s More Pronoun: This word takes the place of a noun or nouns. They can be singular or plural. Example: –The teacher greeted the students. – She greeted the students. There are three types of pronouns: –Subject pronoun: This does the action. I, you, he, she, they, we, it –Object pronoun: This receives the action. me, you, him, her, us, them –Possessive Pronouns: These show ownership. my, your, his, her, its, our, their

Let’s Have Some Action Verb : Shows action or links ideas There are 3 types of verbs: – Action verbs tell what the subject is doing. watches, jumps, reading, listening (some examples) – Linking verbs link the subject to a word in the predicate part of the sentence. am, are, be, been, is, was, were – Helping verbs come before the main verb, and help state an action or show time. can, could, did, do, had, has, have, may, should, will, would

Let’s Practice Thumbs up = a complete sentence Thumbs down = not a sentence Wendell and Floyd were in the office. entered the office lost a hat Her feet were visible. A moment later

Literature Focus “The Lunch Room” (Reader’s Library) Walk through the story with me Illustrations Predict the sequence of events, based on the illustrations Use signal words: first, next, and at last

Sentence Expanders Add details Subject expanders Predicate expanders Prepositions Conjunctions Interjections

Sentence Expanders Subject expanders: – Adjectives describe a noun or pronoun. Sensory adjectives tell what kind. Number adjectives tell how many. Articles are adjectives. Describes one noun (positive form) Compares two nouns (comparative form) Compares three or more nouns (superlative form)

Adjectives PositiveComparativeSuperlative wrinkledmore wrinkledmost wrinkled smallsmallersmallest gracefulmore gracefulmost graceful Special Form goodbetterbest badworseworst manymoremost Comparative : add “ than ” after the word, -er, or “ more ” before the word Superlative : add –est at the end of the word or “ most ” before the word Special Form : The words change spelling.

Adverbs Adverbs describe a verb, or tells how an action is done. – Time : how often or when action is done often, yesterday – Place : where something happens nearby, outside – How : how something is done brightly, silently – Why: why something is done “to get some sleep”, “because he was hungry”

Prepositions A preposition is a word that introduces a prepositional phrase. aboutaroundbylikeoutsideunder aboveatduringnearover underneath acrossbeforeforofpastuntil afterbehindfromoffsinceup againstbelowinonthroughwith alongbeneathinsideontotowithin amongbetweenintoout oftowardwithout

I am asleep under the desk. The fly is over my head as I rest on the desk! I’m hiding inside the drawer. I am near the desk. I’m flying around the cat!

Two More Conjunctions connect words or groups of words. –after, before, until, where, because, since, when, while Coordinate Conjunctions : –and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet –“ Or ” connects two words. –“ And ” connects two phrases. –“ But ” connects two simple sentences. (Place a comma after the first sentence.) Interjections are words or phrases used to express strong emotions or surprise. It is followed by an exclamation point or a comma. –Hey! Hold on! –Wow, look at him go!

Assessment Teacher observation Daily work Daily writing Informal discussions Literature selections Theme Skills tests Daily language activities