Reproductive Health (Group 10 Chapter 19) Elizabeth Basile, Jeff Hoffman, Courtney Kerrick, Nicole Milana & Rebecca Robinson.

Reproduction Background information For 7 th Graders Conducted in a normal class setting

Your Body’s Reproductive System Part 1: The Male Reproductive System Part 2: The Female Reproductive System

The Reproductive System Introduction

Part 1: The Male Reproductive System The in and out; the good, the bad and the ugly of the male reproductive system

Male Reproduction: Internal Organs Epididymis, Vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, Bulbourethral gland, and urethra

Quick Facts! Semen- The combination of sperm, seminal fluid, and other male reproductive secretions Circumcision- Surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis Epididymis- Temporary storage unit for sperm located on outer surface of testes Vas deferens- pair of tubes which lead to seminal vesicles and prostate gland

Quick Facts Cont. Testicles - Two small glands that produce sperm Scrotum - Contains testes and protects sperm by temp regulation Penis - Tube-shaped organ attached to body above testes

External Organs Testes and Penis million sperm are produced each day! million sperm in each ejaculation, but only one can fertilize an ovum!

Main Functions of the Male Reproductive System! 1. Produce sperm! 2. Transfer sperm to female’s body during sexual intercourse!

Functions of the Male Reproductive System! Hormones from pituitary gland cause testes to produce testosterone. Physical changes… Sperm production Where sperm travel to from the testes: Sperm –> epididymis to mature –> vas deferens –> ejaculatory duct –> urethra –> out of body

Care Clean your area Always use protection Avoid wearing overly tight clothing Wear a cup Self-exam Shower Clean the penis and scrotum well Wash under foreskin if needed Check for lumps

4 Easy Steps to Performing a Testicular Exam Once a month you should examine your testicles by: Step 1: Check for any swelling

4 Easy Steps to Performing a Testicular Exam Cont. Step 2: Place the index and middle fingers of both hands under the testicle with the thumbs placed on top. Roll the testicle gently between the thumbs and fingers—you shouldn’t feel any pain when doing the exam.

4 Easy Steps to Performing a Self Testicular Exam Cont. Step 3: Find the epididymis, the soft, tube-like structure behind the testicle. Cancerous lumps usually are found on the sides of the testicle, but can also show up on the front.

4 Easy Steps to Performing a Testicular Exam Cont. Step 4: If you feel a lump, see your doctor right away.

Problems HerniaSterility Enlarged Prostate Gland Cancer of the Prostate Gland Cancer of the Testes Impotence

Problems Cont. Hernia- The protrusion of an organ or structure into surrounding tissues. Example: Inguinal hernia occurs when part of the intestine protrudes through a weak point in the groin Most occur in the abdomen

Problems Cont. Sterility- A condition in which a person can’t reproduce. Caused by: Environmental hazards, exposure to X-rays, radiation, temperature change, exposure to certain chemicals found it cigarettes, mumps, STD’s, or malfunction of an organ

Problems Cont. Prostate Cancer The second highest cancer in males Early detection is KEY!

Problems Cont. Testicular Cancer Is usually a slight enlargement of the testicle Hard lumps Can be cured if caught early

Problems Cont. Enlarged Prostate Gland- Squeezes the urethra Frequent or difficult urination Caused by Infection, tumor, or old age Impotence- Inability to maintain an erection in order to have intercourse

Part 2: The Female Reproductive System How, what, and why the female body does what it does!

Reproductive Organs Fallopian tube, ovary, clitoris, ovum, uterus, endometrium, cervix, vagina, urethra labia minora and majora

Tracking The Female Egg

Care Cleanliness is KEY! Especially during menstruation Breast Self-Exam Pap Test Sanitary napkins, tampons Note: “Deodorant sprays and douches should not be necessary and may cause irritation!”

The 4 Steps to Breast Self Exam (BSE) Step 1: Look at breast in mirror with arms on hips and bow slightly forward. Look for: Usual size, shape, color, any discharge, puckering, dimpling, or scaling Step 2: Raise arms and look for same changes.

The 4 Steps to Breast Self Exam (BSE) Cont. Step 3: Raise one arm and thoroughly explore breast with other arm by: Use 3-4 fingers, press and make circles starting with outer side of breast and gradually move toward nipple. Do whole breast! Squeeze nipple to see any discharge Step 4: Same as step 3 but lay on back.

Problems Menstruation Problems InfertilityOther Problems Menstrual Cramps Blocked Fallopian Tube Ovarian Cysts Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) EndometriosisCancer of the Cervix Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) Breast Cancer

Menstrual Problems Menstrual Cramps- Abdominal cramps last a few hours. Exercise and heating pads are good Prescribed med’s Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)- Aching muscles, bloodshot eyes, sore throat, high fever, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, fainting, and rash caused by bacteria

Menstrual Problems Cont. PMS - Nervous tension, anxiety, irritability, bloating, weight gain, depression, fatigue, and mood swings

Infertility Problems Blocked Fallopian Tube- Leading cause of infertility Causes: PID or abdominal surgery Endometriosis - 2nd leading cause of infertility Uterine tissue grows outside the uterus, appearing on ovaries, fallopian tubes, and abdominal cavity

Infertility Problems Cont. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) - Infection of the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and surrounding areas. Causes: Damage to reproductive organs and STD’s a

Other Problems Ovarian Cyst- Fluid filled sac on the ovary; can lead to cancer Breast Cancer- Lumps on breast should be checked out by a doctor Do self-exam

Other Problems Cont. Cervical Cancer Sexual activity and family history play a role Pap test

Remember!!! Boys have a penis, Girls have a vagina!!! Once a month do a self exam Take care of yourself Clean, Clean, Clean Get checked out if something seems different