1. The Reproductive Review

2. Changes that occur in males during puberty The pituitary gland releases hormones the stimulate the production of testosterone this starts ages 9-13 Shoulders will grow wider, and their bodies will become more muscular. Their voices will become deeper. Lengthening and widening of the penis and the enlargement of the testes.

3. Male Reproductive System Functions of the male reproductive system include: Production of sperm Transfer of sperm

4. Male Reproductive Organs Testes – small glands that produce sperm Scrotum – sac that protects the testis Epididymis – tube in which the sperm matures as it travels Van Deferens – Connects the epididymis to the urethra Semen – mixture of sperm fluids and foods Urethra – tube that extends from bladder/vas deference Penis – external reproductive system

6. The muscle near the urethra contracts, Cowper’s gland releases secretion that neutralizes urine and lubricates the urethra. This is known as preejaculatory fluid

7. Four possible problems of the male reproductive system Hernia Sterility Enlarged Prostate (infection) Cancer – such as testicular cancer can begin ages 15-34

8. Proper care of the male reproductive system Proper care of the male reproductive system Cleanliness is key – showers/loose clothing ◦ Uncircumcised males must also wash under foreskin daily Use proper protection against STIs Self examinations

9. Puberty and the female reproductive system Hormonal changes that occur around 7- 13 years old. Girls' bodies usually become curvier. They gain weight on their hips, and their breasts develop Start of the menstrual cycle

10. Three functions of the female reproductive system Production of eggs Born with the number 300,000 eggs in ovaries, one released and 1000 are absorbed each ovulation cycle Reception of sperm Nourishment and protection of ovum

11. Female System Ovaries- female glands the hold eggs/ovum Ovulation- The releasing of a mature ovum Fallopian Tubes- carry mature eggs to uterus Fertilization – can occur if sperm is present Uterus Vagina Menstruation Menstrual Cycle

12. Possible problems with the female reproductive system can include: Menstrual Cramping PMS Toxic Shock Syndrome associated with tampon use bacterial disease Vaginitis – excessive discharge, itching Sterility – Blocked fallopian tube/scaring PID Endometriosis Cancer

13. Proper care for the female reproductive system includes: Cleanliness Check-Ups Pap