SKIN Health Science Technology I Dr. Halbert INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM SKIN Health Science Technology I Dr. Halbert

Three main layers of skin Epidermis Dermis Dermis is called true skin Notice pressure and touch receptor location Dermis contains sweat and sebaceous (oil) glands- located in or near hair follicles over entire skin surface Oil glands can become clogged with cell overgrowth but oil gland continues to produce causing blackheads or pimples Hair and nails are composed of keratin Subcutaneous Fatty Tissue 3

Epidermis Outermost layer Cells constantly being shed Contains no blood vessels or nerves 5 layers Stratum corneum: outer part Stratum germinativum: inner layer

Dermis “true skin” Made up of elastic connective tissue and contains vessels, nerves, glands, hair follicles Top layer covered with papillae which form ridges which make up our fingerprints

Subcutaneous fascia or hypodermis Innermost layer Connects skin to the muscle underneath

Sudoriferous glands Sweat glands Eliminate water, salts and some body wastes Coiled tubes

Sebaceous glands Oil glands Produce sebum Open in to hair follicles When plugged results in pimple or blackhead

Alopecia Lack of hair

Functions of the skin Protection Perception Regulation of temperature Storage of fat, water, vitamins Absorption Excretion Production of Vitamin D

Skin pigment Melanin: brown-black pigment, does absorb UV light resulting in a tan Carotene: yellowish-red pigment

Albino Absence of color pigment

Erythema Reddish color of the skin Burns or congestion of blood in vessels

Jaundice Yellow discoloration Liver or gallbladder disease or destruction of red blood cells

Cyanosis Bluish discoloration Insufficient oxygen

Macules Flat spots on the skin Ex: freckles

Papules Firm raised areas Pimples Some stages of chicken pox

Vesicles Blisters Fluid filled sacs Chicken pox

Pustules Pus filled sacs Ex: acne

Crusts Dried pus and blood scabs

Wheals Itchy elevated areas with irregular shape Hives

Ulcer Deep loss of skin surface

Acne Vulgaris Inflammation of the sebaceous glands Usually in adolescence Hormonal changes, increased secretion of sebum are underlying causes

Athlete’s foot Contagious, fungal infection usually of feet Blisters, cracks, itching

Skin cancer Melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma May develop from moles

Dermatitis Inflammation of the skin Caused by any substance that irritates skin, often allergic Example: poison ivy

Eczema Non contagious, inflammatory disorder Caused by allergy or irritant Dryness, edema, erythema, itching, vesicles, crusts

Impetigo Highly contagious Bacterial infection- Staph or Strep Pustules and yellow crusts

Psoriasis Chronic, non contagious, inherited Thick red area with white scales

Ringworm Contagious, fungal infection Usually circular with a clear central area

Verrucae Warts Viral Rough, hard, elevated

Image Citations Slide 4: Delmar Learning’s Medical Terminology Image Library, Second Edition. Version 1.0. ISBN: 1-4018-1009-8. Slide 10: 1/3/06 Erythema Nodosum, http://medimages.healthopedia.com/large/erythema-nodosum.jpg Slide 11: 1/3/06 http://medicine.ucsd.edu/clinicalmed/jaundice.JPG Slide 12: 1/3/06 Central Cyanosis, http://www.lf2.cuni.cz/Projekty/interna/foto/014/pic00011.jpg Slide 16: 1/3/06 Papules, http://www.acnesource.org/images/pic_papules.jpg Slide 17: 1/3/06 Vesicles, http://www.acponline.org/graphics/bioterro/vesicles.jpg Slide 18: 1/3/06 Staphlococcal pustules, http://www.adhb.govt.nz/newborn/TeachingResources/Dermatology/ StaphPustule/StaphPustule.jpg Slide 20: 1/3/06 http://sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/dermatology/wheal3.jpg Slide 21: 1/3/06 Skin Ulcer, http://www.liv.ac.uk/researchintelligence/issue18/images/W041128R .jpg

Image Citations Slide 23: 1/3/06 Acne Vulgaris, http://medimages.healthopedia.com/large/acne-vulgaris.jpg Slide 24: 1/3/06 Athlete’s foot, tinea pedis, www.nlm.nih.gov Slide 25: 1/3/06 Skin Cancer, www.healingdaily.com Slide 26: 1/3/06 Allergic Contact Dermatitis, www.immunologyclinic.com Slide 27: 1/3/06 Eczema, http://www.pg.com/science/skincare/Skin_tws_55/Skin_tws_55_03.jpg Slide 28: 1/3/06, Impetigo, http://www.manbir- online.com/grafics/impetigo.jpg Slide 29: 1/3/06, Psoriasis, www.monpso.net Slide 30: 1/3/06, Ringworm, http://www.avte.net/AVTE2003/contents/hazards/zoonotic%20hazards/ha_ri ngworm.jpg Slide 31: 1/3/06, http://vasculitis.med.jhu.edu/treatments/images/warts.jpg