The Civil Rights Movement & The NAACP By Sarah Blewett & Kyrie McCormick

Introduction ●100 years after the Emancipation Proclamation, African Americans were still suffering from racism and discrimination but in a new way: Segregation ●The NAACP (The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) is the most widely recognized civil rights organization because they were willing to cross racial borders in order to see progress ● However the NAACP refused to resort to violence to achieve progress and disagreed with the Black Panther’s motto of “Picking up the gun. ”

Founded ●Founded in 1909 in New York by White and Black intellectuals ●NAACP retained a prominent role while other groups emerged in the 50’s and 60’s ●In 1916, a new field secretary, James Weldon Johnson, began expanding the organization’s membership to the South ●By 1920, the membership had grown to 90,000 ●Today, the NAACP has approximately 425,000 members

They worked for…. -Equal opportunities -Voter mobilization -Insurance of the political, educational, social, and economic equality of minority groups of the United States and eliminate race prejudice -Removal of all barriers of racial discrimination through the democratic processes. Goal: to secure for all people the rights guaranteed in the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the United States Constitution which promised to end slavery, equal protection of the law, and universal adult male suffrage

The Supreme Court ●The NAACP believed that as long as schools were segregated, they would never be equal ●In attempt to end segregation, the group sponsored legal suits to promote the unconstitutionality of segregation ●The NAACP Legal Defence Fund had to prove that consequences of segregation, including psychological, intellectual, and financial damages, prevented genuine equality

Important Movements After Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a public bus to a white person, the Montgomery Bus Boycott began. This boycott, that lasted a year, demonstrated the unity and determination of black residents and it inspired African Americans everywhere. March on Washington -MLK emerged a leader, became president of the SCLC and a member of the NAACP Campaign in Birmingham -JFK pushed for new legislation Civil Rights Act of Outlawed segregation in public facilities, employment and education Freedom Summer -Promoted voting registration in the south Bloody Sunday & Selma -Led to the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and increased the # of black southerners that could vote

NAACP Events Plessy Vs. Ferguson -1950, NAACP began campaign against the legal doctrine that separate but equal schools for black and white children were constitutional Brown Vs. Board of Education -1954, outlawed segregation in public schools Washington D.C, bureau -Lead by Clarence Mitchell Jr., helped end segregation in armed forces, passage of CIvil Rights Act of 1957 and 1968, and Voting Rights Act of 1965 Posted bail for hundreds of freedom riders in 60’s Provided legal representation to aid members of other protest groups

Members Executive Secretary, Roy Wilkins Attorney, Thurgood Marshall National President, Moorfield Storey Chairman of the Executive Committee, William English Walling Treasurer, John E. Milholland Disbursing Treasurer, Oswald Garrison Villard Executive Secretary, Frances Blascoer Director of Publicity and Research, Dr. W. E. B. Du Bois. Other members: -Mary White - William English Walling -Oswald Garrison Villard - Dr. Henry Mascowitz -Arthur Spingarn - Martin Luther King Jr. (Moorfield Storey, Mary White Ovington and W.E.B. Du Bois)

Significance “This means the beginning of the end of the dual society in American life and the system of segregation which supported it.” -The Chicago Defender, 5/10/54 ●Although it is impossible to eliminate all racism, the Civil Rights Movement made important progress towards racial equality. It put an end to segregation which plagued American society. ●The NAACP sponsored countless court cases that fought against injustices. Since the movement, they have continued to work for racial progress. ●The Civil Rights Movement inspired other groups (women, Chicanos, LGBT) to fight for their own rights

Bibliography ●Boyd, Herb. We Shall Overcome. Naperville, Ill.: Source, Print. ● "NAAC ".P." History.com. A&E Television Networks. Web. 21 May ●National Association for the Advancement of Colored People." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 22 May 2015 ● NAACP: 100 Years of History." NAACP: 100 Years of History. Web. 21 May ● Wexler, Stanford. The Civil Rights Movement - An Eyewitness History. New York: Facts on File, Print.