Bring a #2 pencil and a pen. Essay topic: Leaders/ individuals

3 Goals  Independence from Britain  Peace between Hindus and Muslims  Equality for untouchables Used- Passive Resistance and Civil Disobedience Influenced- Martin Luther King Jr. & Nelson Mandela

Policies and Actions  Revolted against the sultan  Established Turkey as modern, secular state  Encouraged westernization 6 Principles Statism Republicanism Populism Nationalism Secularism Revolutionism

Totalitarian Private army to rid opponents Made Italy into a Fascist state State was supreme Democracy was frowned upon Extreme nationalism Anti-Communist

-Totalitarian -Nazi Party -Propaganda -Rallies and parades -Elected Chancellor -Declared himself Fuher -Anti-Semitist

-“Father of First Chinese Republic” -Leader of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) -Defeats the Manchus - 1 st President of a Democratic China - 3 Principles Nationalism Nationalism Livelihood Livelihood Democracy Democracy

-Sun’s successor -Defeated warlords- united China Defeated the Communists ( ) -Mao and the Communist took over in Chiang fled to Taiwan-made Democracy -“Creation of Two China’s”

- Led Communist Revolution - At first defeated (Long March), in 1949 successful - Established China as a communist nation - Red Guard- military force - Red Book- his philosophy

2. Why was Indian Partitioned?  Partitioned in 1949 by Britain because of fighting between Hindus and Muslims  Was partitioned (divided) into India (Hindu) and Pakistan (Muslim).  1971 Pakistan divided into Bangladesh

3. What was the goal of the Indian National Congress? Gandhi was the Leader of the Indian National Congress Gandhi was the Leader of the Indian National Congress Goal was to Free India from British rule. Goal was to Free India from British rule.

4. Why were European nations able to conquer Africa and Asia? Europeans had advanced technology and military strength Europeans had advanced technology and military strength

5. How did Hitler come to power? Was elected chancellor of Germany. Was elected chancellor of Germany. The Reichstag (Legislature) was burned down. The Reichstag (Legislature) was burned down. Declared himself the Fuhrer. Declared himself the Fuhrer.

6. Who supported the Communist Revolution? The Communist Revolution was led by Mao. The Communist Revolution was led by Mao. Peasants supported Mao because they were promised equality under Communism. Peasants supported Mao because they were promised equality under Communism.

7. What was the “Long March?” The Long March was Mao’s retreat into the Mountains after he was defeated for the first time by Chiang Kai Shek. The Long March was Mao’s retreat into the Mountains after he was defeated for the first time by Chiang Kai Shek.

8. Passive Resistance and Civil Disobedience Passive Resistance- If you get hit, do not hit back. Ex. Salt Factory Passive Resistance- If you get hit, do not hit back. Ex. Salt Factory Civil Disobedience- If you disagree with a law, you break it. Ex. Salt March Civil Disobedience- If you disagree with a law, you break it. Ex. Salt March

9. Why was the Shah of Iran overthrown? Tried to modernize an Islamic Fundamentalist country Tried to modernize an Islamic Fundamentalist country They are traditional Muslims (Islamic Fundamentalists) and he emancipated (freed) women. They are traditional Muslims (Islamic Fundamentalists) and he emancipated (freed) women.