Uses of the infinitive.

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Presentation transcript:

Uses of the infinitive

Common verbs: afford, ask, agree, decide, expect, forget, help hope, learn, need, offer, plan, pretend, promise, want, would like, seem. The negative infinitive is formed by putting NOT in front of any form of the infinitive. EXAMPLES I decided not to go to London. He asked me not to be late. I'd like you not to sing so loudly. (would like) desearía I'd rather not eat meat. (would rather) preferiría

THE TO-INFINITIVE TO INDICATE THE PURPOSE OR INTENTION OF AN ACTION EXAMPLES She came to collect her payment. The three bears went to find firewood. I am calling to ask you about dad. You sister has gone to finish her homework.

THE TO-INFINITIVE AS THE SUBJECT OF THE SENTENCE This is a formal usage and is far more common in written English than spoken EXAMPLES To be or not to be, that is the question. To know her is to love her. To visit the Grand Canyon is my life-long dream. To understand statistics, that is our aim.

THE TO-INFINITIVE TO INDICATE WHAT SOMETHING CAN OR WILL BE USED FOR In this pattern, the to-infinitive follows a noun or pronoun. EXAMPLES The children need a garden to play in. I would like a sandwich to eat. I don't have anything to wear. Would you like something to drink?

The to- infinitve after adjectives Subject+ to be+ adjective+ to-infinitive + rest It is good to talk. It is good of you to talk to me. It is important to be patient. It is important for Jake to be patient with his little brother. I am happy to be here. The dog is naughty to destroy our couch.

EXAMPLES There's too much sugar to put in this bowl. I had too many books to carry. This soup is too hot to eat. She was too tired to work. He arrived too late to see the actors. I've had enough food to eat. She's old enough to make up her own mind. There isn't enough snow to ski on. You're not old enough to have grand-children!

THE TO-INFINITIVE WITH QUESTION WORDS The verbs ask, decide, explain, forget, know, show, tell, & understand can be followed by a question word such as where, how, what, who, & when + the to-infinitive.

EXAMPLES She asked me how to use the washing machine. Do you understand what to do? Tell me when to press the button. I've forgotten where to put this little screw. I'm not sure I know who to call.