Take out your notebook, pen and highlighter

WWI: A New Kind of War CA Standard: – Understand the nature of war and its human cost on all sides Learning Objective: – I will be able to describe what made WWI a different kind of war.

Ch 11-2 A New Kind of War Vocabulary 1.Stalemate a)Deadlock, where neither side is able to defeat the other b)Tie, Draw, no one is winning

2.Zeppelin a)Large gas filled balloon  Blimp b)Used to bomb the English coast and Surveillance

3.U-boat (Known as an atrocity to war) a)German Unterseeboot Under sea boat –German Submarine: did tremendous damage to allied ships –Sunk merchant ships carrying goods to Britain.

4.Convoy a)Group of vehicles (ships) b)allies used the convoys as a defense against u-boats 5.Front a)Battlefront: the line along which opposing armies face each other Western Front: Between France, Belgium, and Germany Eastern Front: Between Germany and Russia 6.Shrapnel a)Flying debris from artillery shells.- b) Cause major injuries or death

1 Standing Armies in Europe, million 7 Million

Millions

How has WWI been a different war? - New Technology ( Be specific)

Stalemate on the Western Front A.The German Schlieffen Plan 1.Germany’s plan to quickly defeat France and then turn and to fight the Russians on the Eastern Front. B.Main reason 1.To fight the war on one front, instead of two.

Paris Berlin Belgium France Germany Schlieffen Plan Russia

Problems with Schlieffen Plan A.Problems 1.Great Britain declared war on Germany. a)Germany invaded Belgium to get to Germany 2.Russians moved in too quickly on the Eastern Front a)Germans had to move troops from fighting the French to fighting the Russians 3.First Battle of the Marne a)France and Britain vs Germans b)Germans lost c)Ended Germany’s hopes for a quick victory on Western Front.

Paris Berlin Belgium France Germany Schlieffen Plan Fails Russia Britain Western Front Eastern Front

Trench Warfare A.Trench warfare 1.Both sides dug ditches at least 6 ft deep for protection and to hold position a)Caused a long deadly stalemate. (deadlock, where no one is winning) 2.The Western Front a)Battles lines remained almost unchanged for 4 years. 3.Caused by new technology B.Problems with Trench Warfare A.Soldiers stuck in trenches for long periods of time A.They had to do everything in trench. B.The stench of death all around C.Loud, dirty, lonely D.Rats, disease, lice, fleas, etc. E.When it rained trenches filled with water. A.Cold temp and water caused Trench Foot

Trench Foot

Trench

Describe the Schlieffen Plan and the main reason for the plan.

Trench Warfare Video Video

Machine Guns and Artillery A.Two of the newest and most devastating weapons 1.Machine Gun a) bullets per minute 2.Long Range Artillery Gun a) attacked enemy from more than 10 miles away Shrapnel killed or wounded enemy

World War I Machine Gun

Artillery Gun

Technology and Modern Warfare A.Poison Gas 1.Chlorine Gas a)Suffocated enemy 2.Mustard Gas a)Burned skin and blinded 3.Major Problem a)Wind direction B.Protection against Poison Gas 1.Gas Mask 2.Cover-all Uniforms

Early Gas Mask

Tanks A.Britain introduced the 1 st Tank 1.Designed to move across “No Man’s Land” 2.Major Problem a)Tanks often broke down b)Germans destroyed tanks with flame throwers.

British mark V tank

French tank US tank

WWII Flame Thrower A. Problem with Flame Thrower. B. Gas tanks are easy targets.

Grenades Grenade Launcher

Mortars Launch bombs at a high angle

US German French Russian Pistols

On the same piece of paper answer the question below Explain Trench Warfare and what it caused? You have Five Minutes to Complete the assignment quietly.

Airplanes A.Airplanes 1.Designed to simply observe enemy troop movement 2.Attached Machine guns to planes 3.Pilots became known as Flying Aces 4.Airplane fights became known as a)Dog fights B.Problem 1.Planes had little effect on ground war

Air warfare video

Submarines German U-Boats – Did tremendous damage to Allied ships. Sunk both naval and merchant ships Defense against U-Boats – Allies organized convoys, group of ships protected by warships. Considered Atrocity to war

German U-Boat (submarine)

Battles 1914 First Battle of the Marne France and Britain vs Germans – Germans lost Ended Germany’s hopes for a quick victory on Western Front.  1914 Tannenberg (In Germany) – Russians vs Germans Germans won – Forced Russians back to Russia – Russia was poorly equipped to fight a modern war  1915 Gallipoli (Ottoman Empire)  British, Indians, Australian, and New Zealander vs. Ottoman Empire  Ottoman Empire won  Gained control of the Dardanelles strait  Blocked Supplies to Russia

Western Front Battle line Eastern Front Battle line Germany Austria- Hungary Russia France Italy Belgium Ottoman Empire

Western Front Battle line Eastern Front Battle line Germany Austria- Hungary Russia France Italy World War I Major Battles Battlefront Belgium Somme Marne Verdun Caporetto Tannenburg Gallipoli Ottoman Empire

Armenian massacre Ottomans vs. Russians (WWI) Armenians Christians helped the Russians. Problem Armenians Christians are from Ottoman Empire. Backstabbing their country Solution Deport the Armenians to Syria. On the way to Syria, between 600,000 and 1.5 million Armenians were killed.

Arabs also betrayed the Ottomans – Arabs were able to take over the key city of Baghdad – Minorities in the Turkey

Ottoman Empire Russia Armenians Arabs Rebel Baghdad Syria

All Quiet on the Western Front Book Its about a young German soldier’s life in the trenches on the Western Front.

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