A.2 Energy in Human Diets

IB Assessment Statement Calculate body mass index between being underweight, normal weight, and obese.

A.2.5 Calculate body mass index (BMI) from the body mass and height of a person

A.2.6 Distinguish, using the body mass index, between being underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese Underweight – below 18.5 Normal weight – 18.5 to 24.9 Overweight – 25 to 29.9 Obese – above 30.0

Body Mass Index

IB Assessment Statement Outline the reasons for the increasing rates of clinical obesity in some countries, including availability of cheap high-energy foods, large portion sizes, increasing use of vehicles for transport, and a change from active to sedentary occupations.

Clinical obesity describes a significant excess of body fat and is typically caused by a combination of two factors: 1. Increasing energy intake (more fats produced) – The affordability of sugar-rich, high-energy food can cause people to spurn more nutritional alternatives – People in developed countries are frequently being served larger portion sizes ('super-sizing') 2. Decreased energy expenditure (less fats consumed) – There is an increased reliance on vehicular transport in developed countries, reducing frequency of exercise – Advancements in technology (computers, robotics) have reduced the level of physical activity in a number of occupations

IB Assessment Statement Outline the consequences of anorexia nervosa

A.2.8 Outline the consequences of anorexia nervosa Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder in which individuals severely limit the amount of food they intake It is most common in females with body image anxiety and is associated with the following health implications: – Malnutrition – deficiency in essential nutrients due to inadequate eating patterns – Hormonal imbalance – including changes in menstrual cycle and impairment of normal growth and development – Bone and muscle problems – there is muscle and bone deterioration, resulting in reduced muscle mass and more fragile bones – Mental health issues – development of mood swings, phobias and reduced mental focus – Anaemia – can cause circulatory problems, including heart failure – Skin problems – including discoloration and excess hair production – Immune disorders – increased susceptibility to infections, diminished capacity for healing and repair – Death – if left untreated for a prolonged period, death may finally result

Videos Reading Food Labels: – Low carb diet better than low fat diet – Understand cholesterol and your heart – Cardiovascular disease – – Obesity & Hunger are part of the same problem – Ted Talk – Obesity – (J. Olivier USA school lunches) – (comedy) Anorexia –