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Green jobs in Thailand What’s Green Jobs? Thai Interesting Green Jobs Renewable Energy Industries: Eco-Car, Green Label, Recycling Eco-Tourism Forestry: “Doi Tung” Conclusion

Korea 2009

What’s GREEN JOBS ? Any jobs that focus on the environmental friendly profession in order to protect, conserve and develop sustainability of the green environment.

203,000 solar home systems Sustainability challenge Solar for computer training centers in seven Karen refugee camps Renewable Energy Mae Klang Luang, Chaing Mai 0.037% of Thailand area  100% peak load (22,586 MW) Typical 3 kW solar electric system Thai solar home systems Solar water heating Solar Mae Kam Pong, Chiang Mai Hundreds of W to 5 MW per turbine In Thailand: 6 baht/kWh 1 MW = 35,000,000 baht Wind 3 kW = 660,000 baht Thai population: 65,069,000 Person per household: 5 Households: 13,014,000 System size: 3 kW If 58% of households  100% of peak load VSPP subsidy: 8 baht / kWh 203,000 solar home systems Sustainability challenge 13.7 km For example, renewable energy is the one of the green job Renewable energy in thai consists of solar energy, wind energy, hydroenergy and biofuels 1. First, it’s easy to calculate how much of Thailand’s area covered in solar panels would power the whole country. A solar array 14 km x 14 km could power all of Thailand’s peak electricity demands - The peak happens during the middle of the hottest weekday of the year. 2. There is more than enough rooftops in the country to power Thailand’s peak load. Here’s a photo of a typical 3 kW solar electric system sold in Thailand. If one of these was installed on 58% of Thai households, it could produce enough electricity to meet Thailand’s peak load 3. The Thai government last year started a massive solar home system program, providing a solar panel and battery for each unelectrified household in the country. There’s over 203,000 systems, installed at a cost to tax payers of about $200 million. But it represents an admirable effort nonetheless. 4. A solar water heating system can provide hot water to thai people As well wind energy potential from Thai Ministry of Energy. Hundreds of watts to 5 MW per turbine In Thailand: 6 baht/kWh 1 MW = 35,000,000 baht Micro-hydropower is suitable for both grid-connected and off-grid electricity. Kre Khi village, Tak Province 1 kW for school, clinic, church Cost: <150,000 (turbine 10,000) This tiny installation generates 200 watts, and powers lights in a youth training center in Baan Klang Luang village, 1. Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai. The turbine, purchased from Vietnam, cost 4,000 baht. It is powered by water falling about 1.7 meters. 2. This installation in Mae Kam Pong is not connected to the national grid. It provides electricity directly to about 190 village households. This installation is one of 60 built as a joint project between villagers and the DEDE. Finally, biofuels can reduce air and water pollution 1. Rice mill in Nakorn Sawan powers 400 kW 2. Uses waste water from cassava to make methane 3. Pig farm Produces fertilizer and Produces electricity8 x 70 kW generator Ratchaburi Subsidy: 0.3 baht/kwh Micro-hydro technology Kre Khi village, Tak Province Mae Klang Luang, Chaing Mai Mae Kam Pong, Chiang Mai Hydro Rice husk gasifier Korat Waste to Energy - biogas Biogas from Pig Farms Biofuels

Welcome to ” Thailand ”

Industries 182,000 jobs in the sector. Thailand’s government decided in June 2007 to grant tax incentives to auto manufacturers that produce small, fuel-efficient “eco-cars.” 182,000 jobs in the sector.

Why “ eco-car ”? High MPG and Low CO2 emissions engines : 1.3 liters or smaller, vehicles : 20km per liter (56.6 MPG) Emit less than 192 g of CO2 per mile (120 g/km) Not easily replicated by its rivals Will be 100,000 units sold annually Around 5 billion baht (US$150 million) investment

POLICIES TO PROMOTE ECO-CAR 17 % tax (compared with the typical 30–50 %) Receive up to 8 years of exemption from corporate income tax payments and machinery import duties A company must produce cars that Do not surpass a certain engine size (1,300 cc for gasoline engines and 1,400 cc for diesels) Consume 5 liters per 100 kilometers (47 miles per gallon) or less Generate no more than 120 grams of CO2 per kilometer, and meet Euro-4 emissions standards. Companies must make a minimum investment, produce at least 100,000 cars by the fifth year of production, and produce at least 80 percent of parts domestically.

Thai Green label Launched in August 1994 by he Thailand Environment Institute (TEI) in association with the Ministry of Industry “ an environmental certification awarded to specific products that are shown to have minimum detrimental impact on the environment in comparison with other products serving the same function ” Applies to products and services, not including foods, drinks, and pharmaceuticals

purposes of awarding the green label Thai Green label purposes of awarding the green label To provide reliable information and guide customers in their choice of products. To create an opportunity for consumers to make an environmentally conscious decision, thus creating market incentives for manufacturers to develop and supply more environmentally sound products. To reduce environmental impacts which may occur during manufacturing, utilization, consumption and disposal of products.

Recycling Makes an important contribution to reducing energy consumption and associated pollution of air and water. Create Many Jobs scrap-based manufacturing materials collection and recovery sorting and processing remanufacturing of appliances

Recycling Chiang Mai: first location for cutting edge waste-to-energy plants producing biomass fuel and electricity from mixed waste. Glass recycling business in Ayuthaya Teijin polyester recycling program collecting used polyester items and then recycling them into new polyester materials

Eco-Tourism “low impact, environmentally-friendly tourism that cherishes, not destroys” It is important to respect the environment not only where we live but in those places to which we travel.

Eco-tourism is currently a buzzword in the Thai tourism scene. Activities: Bird Watching Scuba Diving Mountain Biking Rock Climbing White Water Rafting Home Staying Trekking and Camping

Doi Tung Development Project (DTDP) Forestry Green Jobs : provide income and help alleviate poverty. Afforestation and reforestation projects will create new employment. Doi Tung Development Project (DTDP) To solve problems of deforestation and prevent the local people from encroaching the remaining watershed forests of Doi Tung in 1986

Doi Tung Development Project (DTDP) Mission To ensure that the people of Doi Tung are economically self-reliant and able to continue the process of their own development as responsible citizens, amid an ever-evolving globalised world, without compromising the environment or their own cultural values.

Doi Tung Development Project (DTDP) Human Development Economic Development Environmental Development

Conclusion Green Jobs in Thailand currently take part in many careers such as tourism, industries and forestry through several sustainability programs. Also engineers and scientists try to create new technology and renewable energy to reduce emission of CO2 and develop sustainability of the green environment. By the friendly environmentally trend, Green Jobs will be implemented more for the future of Thai sustainable society.

Conclusion Greenhouse Effect Global Warming REDUCE….

Cont Conclusion Carbon Dioxide Carbon Monoxide

References www.unep.org/civil_society/Publications/index.asp www.unep.org/labour_environment/features/greenjobs.asp http://www.doitung.org/ http://www.tei.or.th/greenlabel/GL_home_main.htm http://www.apfed.net/ki/database/doc/RISPO_GP055.pdf