1. STARTING POINTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY HARI SRINIVAS ROOM: I-312 / 079-565-7406 International Environmental Policy

2. Industrial Development A “Good” Life Change in Lifestyle Migration Urbanization Globalization Increased incomes and a “better” quality of ;ife

3. Unintended Consequences Consumer Lifestyles Manufacturing Processes High resource use Too much energy use Too much waste Hugh pollution rates NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT

4. Initial Policy Focus Initial focus of Environmental Policy To “protect” the environment from pollution and waste from human activities “Problem” focus Problem Solving

5. Initial Policy Focus Current focus of Environmental Policy To integrate environmental issues with social and economic issues “Sustainability” focus Opportunity Creation

6. National/ Global City/ Urban Area Community Household

7. Involving the Broader Society Governments Business and Industry Civil society From only one actor … … to a multi-stakeholder partnership

8. Market: Demand and Supply Policy audience/ target Demand Side Supply Side Consumer focused (Sustainable Consumption) Manufacturer focused (Sustainable Production)

9. Key Policy Issues Resource Efficiency Energy Efficiency Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: 3R Policies and Less waste Use less energy Use renewables (Solar, wind, bio etc)

10. Change in Policy focus Pollution prevention and Cleaner production Industrial Pollution Focus on Industry Waste Reduction 3R Lifestyles Eco Society Green Economy Lifestyle- related Problems Focus on Everyone!

11. The “Double Punch”! National Governments Global and International Issues Local and domestic issues Climate change Global warming Ozone depletion Deforestation … etc. Waste disposal Water pollution GHG emissions … etc.

12. Japan; Global to National Policies Earth Summit 1992 Agenda 21 Sustainable Development Strategies National Action Plan for Agenda 21 Basic Environment Law GlobalNational

13. Problems to Opportunities Sustainable Development focus of Environmental Policy Involvement of everyone Problems as business opportunities Creation of new markets 3R and preventing pollution

14. Problems to Opportunities Sustainable Development Policy Governance Education Technology

15. Problems to Opportunities “3R” is more than just reduce, reuse and recycle Building an economy based on the life-cycle approach.

16. IEP Policy “Local” problem “Global” problem Action at UN Level Global Agreements Country Commitments Local Action Start

17. IEP Policy: Example – Ozone Depletion Change in Lifestyles Need for new refrigerators etc. Use new technologies and chemicals CFCs “escape” into the atmosphere Ozone is depleted Serious impact on human health Problem Cycle Start

18. IEP Policy: Example – Ozone Depletion Research on Ozone Depletion Pressure on governments Agreement at UN level National plans to reduce CFCs Governance, education and technology New products and market niches Solution Cycle Start

19. New Eco Lifestyle Choices  New eco products Procedure for 3R Energy saving Less Pollution New transport

20. Contact me … Prof. Hari Srinivas Room: I-312 Tel: 079-565-7406 Email: hari.srinivas@kwansei.ac.jp