Parts of the Eukaryotic Cell
Cell Membrane
Selectively Permeable = only certain things can enter / exit the cell
Made primarily of lipids and proteins
Integral proteins form channels or pores which certain substances can pass
Fluid mosaic model = cell membrane acts more like a fluid than a solid (flexible); made up of a variety of parts
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm Contains the organelles of the cell
Contains cytosol = a gelatin-like aqueous fluid which organelles are in
Cytoplasm
Nucleus Stores the hereditary information in its DNA; controls the cell
Nucleus
Nuclear Membrane Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus, has nuclear pores
Nuclear Pores
Nucleolus Site where ribosomes are made
Nucleus/Nuclear Membrane/Nucleolus
Ribosomes Most numerous organelle; synthesize proteins
Mitochondria Sites of chemical reactions – supply energy to cell
More numerous in cells with high energy requirements
Cristae= folds that increase surface area (more sites for chemical reactions)
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) A system of membranous tubules and sacs
Functions as a highway along which molecules move from one part of the cell to another
Two types: 1) Rough ER (has ribosomes) 2) Smooth ER (no ribosomes)
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Rough and Smooth ER
Golgi Apparatus The processing, packaging, and secreting organelle of the cell
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosomes Organelles that contain enzymes that digest stuff
Common in cells of animals, fungi, and protists, but rare in plant cells
Lysosomes
Microtubules Contributes to the support, movement, and division of the cell
Microtubules
Flagella Whipping action propels cells and makes them move
Flagella
Cell Wall Rigidity helps support and protect the plant cell
Cell Wall
Plant Cells with Cell Wall
Vacuole Fluid filled organelle that stores enzymes, metabolic wastes, and water
Vacuole
May occupy 90% of the volume of a plant cell (central vacuole)
Vacuole (in a plant cell)
Chloroplast used to trap energy of sunlight during photosynthesis with chlorophyll and convert to energy
has a system of flattened membranous sacs called thylakoids
Chloroplast