CIVIL WAR ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES UNION (NORTH) ADVANTAGES Larger population More industry More resources Organized banking system More railroad mileage Abraham Lincoln More ships DISADVANTAGES Faced hostile people Southern territory unfamiliar

CIVIL WAR ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES CONFEDERACY (SOUTH) ADVANTAGES Strong popular support Familiar territory Superior military leadership Men more experienced with shooting and outdoors DISADVANTAGES Smaller population Few factories Less food production Fewer railroad miles Fewer ships

CIVIL WAR STRATEGIES UNION (NORTH) The Anaconda Plan 1.Blockade Southern ports to stop import of supplies 2.Split the Confederacy by gaining control of the Mississippi River 3.Capture Richmond, the Confederate capital

CIVIL WAR STRATEGIES CONFEDERACY (SOUTH) 1.Get Britain to pressure North to end blockade and restore supplies 2.Defend homeland until North tired of fighting 3.Capture Washington, D.C. GOAL: RECOGNITION AS AN INDEPENDENT NATION

CIVIL WAR BATTLES, st BATTLE OF MANASSAS/BULL RUN (Virginia) July 21, Northerners expected a quick victory and an early end to the war. - Residents of Washington, D.C. came out to watch - Confederates won the battle - General Thomas Jackson earned the title “Stonewall Jackson at this battle

CIVIL WAR BATTLES, 1862 BATTLE OF THE MONITOR AND MERRIMAC March 9, 1862 (Virginia) New naval warships called ironclads (covered in metal rather than just wood) battled head to head near the Chesapeake Bay. This battle ended in a draw (tie).

CIVIL WAR BATTLES, 1862 McClellan lost command of Union army. Lincoln gives him command of smaller unit to go after Richmond. This was a lost cause by August. PENINSULA CAMPAIGN: MARCH 1862 (VIRGINIA)

CIVIL WAR BATTLES, 1862 Shiloh: April 6, 1862 (Tennessee) The Union found hope in the work of a little known general named Ulysses Grant, who took control of Tennessee. This was the bloodiest US battle up to that day: -- 1,735 Union dead -- 7,882 Union wounded -- 1,728 Confederate dead -- 8,012 Confederate wounded

Union forces captured New Orleans, an important port at the mouth of the Mississippi River. Benjamin Butler began taking slaves as refugees and called them “Contraband”. CIVIL WAR BATTLES, 1862 New Orleans: April 25, 1862 (Louisiana)

CIVIL WAR BATTLES, nd Battle of Bull Run (Virginia) August 29-30, 1862 Stonewall Jackson and Robert E Lee are making things embarrassing for President Lincoln. After the failure of the Peninsula Campaign, the Rebels force the Union boys to retreat once again at Bull Run.

CIVIL WAR BATTLES, 1862 ANTIETAM (Maryland) September 17, Bloodiest single day of battle in America’s history -- 2,010 Union dead -- 9,416 Union wounded -- 1,512 Confederate dead -- 7,816 Confederate wounded - Confederate defeat which prevented Gen. Lee from convincing Britain to support the South

CIVIL WAR EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION January 1, Freed only the slaves in the “rebellious” states BUT any places that Union troops took over gave protection to slave refugees. - Political move on the part of Abraham Lincoln when he was concerned the North was tiring of war. - Gave the North a new purpose to continue the war - Britain decided to withhold recognition of the Confederacy

CIVIL WAR PROBLEMS BY 1863 SOUTH Enlistments declined Draft law drew names of men to serve for 3 years could hire a substitute Bombing raids caused people to have to leave their homes Blockade caused imported goods to disappear Crops were destroyed, railroads were torn apart Clothing wore out and could not be replaced NORTH “Peace Democrats” (also called “Copperheads”) favored a truce with the Confederacy Enlistments declined Bounties offered – failed Draft law drew names of men Could buy out of it for $300 Draft riots took place in New York City in July, 1863