D&T: Electronics and Control Systems Unit A511: Introduction to designing and making Name: Luke Yiasoumi Candidate number: Centre Number: 16527

Mind map

I have chosen a burglar alarm because i think that it is a needed security device, that most homes should have, people have valuable items in there homes, and they need to be protected, and most security devices lately cost way to much, or are really bad quality

Users needs

Creativity (slide 4) Users Needs What does the user need to solve the problem you have identified? Evidence that there is a need (WHAT): Annotated pictures Newspaper clippings describing what happened (most articles will state what happened, who it happened to and probably where. Evidence of users (WHO): Brief survey People in newspaper clippings Evidence of the situation (WHERE) Pictures showing where there might be a problem and where the solution you propose might be used.

Creativity Is your house protected? Yes- //// No- ////// Have you ever been burgled? Yes//- No-//////// If there was a cheap burglar alarm would you buy it? Yes-////// No-//// Do you think your house is vulnerable? Yes-//// No-////// Do you have valuable items in your house? Yes-//////// No-// Do you think your house is safe in your neighbourhood? Yes-///////// No-/ Would you buy a cheap alarm? That hardly does anything or a expensive alarm that helps your house to be protected a lot? Yes//////- No-//// If you did what sort of alarms would you buy?”full house alarms, that protect the whole house” “window alarms” “shed alarms” “room alarms” “shed alarm” “oil tank alarm” If you do, why do you want an alarm in your house? 4votes-”to protect my family” 4votes-”to protect my personal belongings” 1vote-”to keep squatters out” If you could get an alarm that notifies you and your neighbour if your being burgled would you buy it? Yes-//////// No-// “/” counts as one tally, person

Manufacturing process used Kasp 610 Portable Motion Sensor Alarm Creativity (slide 6) Product Comparison Analysis of products related to the theme. Three pictures of products related to the theme. The analysis should show a trend, such as cost complexity or type of user. (Probably 3 different types of security device.) The table below could be used. (See the next page for some examples) Product Cost Typical user When / Where used? Function Technology used (Input / Output) Manufacturing process used Kasp 610 Portable Motion Sensor Alarm £9.19 If people feel insecure or need there house protecting A motion detector to protect a house Input-motion Output-loud siren Inject moulding Kasp 610 Wireless PIR Motion Sensor Alarm with Keypad £17.38 Portable, can be used in most places in a house Motion detector Keep items safe Movement Loud siren

Manufacturing process used Kasp 610 Portable Motion Sensor Alarm Product Comparison Product Cost Typical user When / Where used? Function Technology used (Input / Output) Manufacturing process used Kasp 610 Portable Motion Sensor Alarm £9.19 If people feel insecure or need there house protecting A motion detector to protect a house Input-motion Output-loud siren Inject moulding Kasp 610 Wireless PIR Motion Sensor Alarm with Keypad £17.38 Portable, can be used in most places in a house Motion detector Keep items safe Movement Loud siren Trend

Creativity (slide 7) The Design Brief Summarise what you have found out so far in terms of there being a definite situation, a recognised problem and people who have a need for what you could design to help them. Write a clear Design Brief that describes clearly what you are going to design and make. Write down what you need to do next or find out next e.g. Decide in detail what your circuit is going to need to do to solve the problem. What circuits and components might be available for you to use. What software you have available to you, to help you solve the problem and design a solution.

Design Brief My product is going to be a burglar alarm. my alarm will protect people from being robbed. I will use circuit wizard to make my circuit and test if it works, it will be a motion sensor and have a vibration detector so it can detect a burglar and alert the neighbours or people around the house it will emit a loud siren, and it will have a flashing Green L.E.D to show it works and is functioning and it will have a Red L.E.D showing that the alarm is armed, but the user will have a few seconds to get out the house, before the alarm arms.

Creativity (slide 8) Product Analysis Analyse in detail 2 products related to your project (probably 2 different types of burglar alarms, one fairly simple and one a little more complex.) Use the table on the next slide to help you organise the information. A simple system for the hotel room on holiday. A more complex system for the home.

Creativity (slide 9) (you said we didn't have to do this yet) Name and picture of product 1 Name and picture of product 2 Function User need fulfilled Materials used in construction Durability of product Sustainability (6Rs) Life cycle Energy use Use 10 or 12 point text in this table

Design (slide 10) The Specification Summarise the information to produce a list of points that describe what your “product” will need to be like to solve the problem. Remember that you are only describing what the circuit will need to do to solve the problem. This list of points is the “specification” Function: What it needs to sense – inputs What it needs to do when whatever is sensed – output Include any timings if appropriate – delays etc. Include indicators etc. Power supply. Safety features. Manufacture / construction. This could best be done as a table for top marks: Specification Feature Reason for need for Feature Evidence from research for need Needs to be powered by a 9 volt battery. So that it can be portable and safe to use. All the products I’ve seen are portable My survey showed batteries are preferred.

The Specification The purpose of my product is to protect people and to make them feel more secure. My product should protect people’s homes, while they are away, or not present at that moment in time. the reason I have chosen this product is to protect peoples belongings, and make them feel safe, my product will need to sense motion and vibration. the reason for these features is so the alarm has increased sensitivity and will be able to detect a burglar a lot more easily. The output of my product will be a siren, or a buzzer, so its loud and audible, and so people will need to hear it, the power supply for my product will be a battery it will be easy to replace and so the device can be portable, the voltage of the circuit will be 9V. My product will have an on and off switch, because if you are in the house, you might want to turn off the alarm, my alarm will have a power indicator, it will be a green flashing light to show that is fully functioning. and it will be designed on circuit wizard because its simplest and easiest. It will be manufactured by PCB, and chemical etching. I will ensure that the circuit will work because I will make and test it on circuit wizard to see if it all works, and I'm doing this so I am reassured that my circuit works.

Design (slide 11) System Diagram Show a systems chart to show possible inputs, outputs and processes. Show pictures of the components required for each input or output mentioned. Do not include combining inputs and delays if not appropriate to what you are designing – although you could use the columns to show that the response is immediate. (i.e. 0 seconds.) Delay before INPUT INPUT Combine inputs? Delay after INPUT PROCESS Delay before OUTPUT OUTPUT Time delay between power on and input sensed? List of possible things that could be sensed + images of possible components. More than one input that needs combining? – e.g. AND or OR? Time delay after input sensed? List of possible ways that the output can be controlled. Time delay before the output is turned on. List of possible outputs ( include power indicators etc.) + images of possible components Delete these instructions from your table.

Design (slide 11) System Diagram Show a systems chart to show possible inputs, outputs and processes. Show pictures of the components required for each input or output mentioned. Do not include combining inputs and delays if not appropriate to what you are designing – although you could use the columns to show that the response is immediate. (i.e. 0 seconds.) Delay before INPUT INPUT Combine inputs? Delay after INPUT PROCESS Delay before OUTPUT OUTPUT 10s Vibration detector + motion detector yes no Darlington pair Solenoid /siren 20s

Design (slides 12 and 13) Slide 10 – Ideas for the circuit Include 3/4 circuits that could solve the problem: Picture of each circuit – from internet, hand drawn and scanned in or from circuit wizard. Brief description of the circuit saying what does in terms of what it senses and how it controls its outputs. How well it could it solve the problem? Slide 11 – Development of the chosen circuit Choose one circuit and give your reasons for choosing it. Build it in circuit wizard Show screen shots of the circuit being developed – component values being changed to fine tune the way it works (especially in terms of timing delays etc.) Show annotated screen shots of the circuit being tested to show that it will work and that it will solve the problem. It is important that at least three annotated stages are shown of the circuit being developed, that the screen shots show it working so that it is clear that it solves the problem.

Ideas for circuit 1 This is one idea for my circuit it there is a push button switch, to turn the circuit on or of whenever you would like too.

Ideas for circuit 2 This is my circuit idea 2 It is a door alarm and when it detects movements when the alarm is armed it will trigger an alarm This can solve the problem from stopping people from breaking down the Door. Potentially stopping people from burgling the house because if they Do break in the alarm should scare them away,

Ideas for circuit 3 This is my circuit idea 3 and it is another Window alarm and the copper wire is vibrated it should Set of an alarm it has a 555 timer chip so you can time it for how long you want the alarm to go off for. This circuit could possibly protect peoples houses by if people try to hit the Window while the alarm is alarmed it ill trigger the alarm scaring anybody off Who was thinking about burgling they're

Ideas for circuit 4 This is idea 4 for my circuit and it is a window alarm it is a window sensor and part a and part b both attach to the window and when the window is either smashed or hit it will sense the movement of the glass and the vibrations causing the alarm to go off

Design (slide 14) Development of the PCB Show the stages of the development of the finished circuit into the final PCB-done You must show at least 3 stages of development.-done Each stage must be annotated to describe the changes and the reasons for them.-done The final PCB must be shown including the off board components and the connecting wires – it would be a good idea to label this final stage.-done The list of components must be included – images of the components to be used could get extra marks. (from earlier in the project?)

This button represents a motion sensor On/off toggle switch This button represents the reset switch 9v battery This button represents a vibration detector

this is what my circuit looks like when circuit wizard has finished routing it. (stage 1)

First of all I deleted the copper fill, so its easier to see, and less materials wasted, then I turned automatic routing on, and moved the components around, to try and get rid of the blue wires, and neaten up the pcb a bit, (stage 2)

Then I moved the components around till they were in a snug fit with the rest of them, and made the pcb smaller, so again, less materials used (stage 3)

As you can see, I have successfully removed all of the blue wires, and neatened up the circuit just a bit more (stage 4)

Completed circuit I will post some pictures and a video later on of the circuit working on circuit wizard, I have made the pcb a lot smaller, and neatened it up, and have attached the battery (9v) the on off switch the 2 sensors and a reset button (final stage-completion of circuit)

Video of working circuit here With my circuit what should happen is, you plug the battery in/power source then turn the circuit on by the toggle switch, there will be a delay, so you have enough time to get out the house, then when there is a intruder, the circuit will either sense movement from the intruder or vibration causing the alarm to sound, alerting the surrounding neighbours, and then either you can reset the circuit, or if nobody is present to turn it off, it will turn off automatically Video of working circuit here

Description of Process Tools/Materials required Making (slide 15) Planning for manufacture Use the table below to describe how you plan to make your circuit. Use the information and pictures of equipment on my website to help you. Description of Process Tools/Materials required Tips for success Design PCB and create mask Circuit wizard Cut board to size Band saw Expose Mask and photoPCB to UV Mask of my circuit, pcb, uv light Develop exposed PCB Development fluid Etch PCB Bubble etching tank Drill holes in solder pads Drill Add resistors Soldering equipment, resistors Add capacitors Add transistors/thyristors Soldering equipment, capacitors Add Chip socket 555 timer chip Add off board components Soldering equipment, off board components Add chip to socket

Making (slide 16 to 18 - approx) Manufacture of the circuit Include photographs to show the stages of the making of your circuit Annotate each picture to show what is happening. Highlight any problems that were encountered and what you did to solve the problem or anything that you changed as the circuit was constructed (i.e. what is different to what you planned. This is an important part of the mark scheme. In addition: You must include a clear photo of the whole circuit including the off board components and the connecting wires. You must include a clear photo of the top side of the PCB showing the components. You must include a clear photo of the underside of the PCB showing the soldered joints. To ensure the marks for problem solving are gained it might be best if the changes mad and the problems encountered are summarised at the end of this section.

Evaluation (slide 19) Testing your circuit Show a step by step plan that can be used to test your finished circuit. Write it as if it were for a person who does not know how it is supposed to work. Tick of each step to show that the circuit works. Evaluation Describe what went well and what did not go so well in the manufacture of your circuit Consider the development of the circuit and the development of the PCB Consider the actual building of the circuit Could it have been made differently? – alternatives? Could it have been made better? – how? Compare what you did to the steps of your plan See table on next slide as a suggestion.

Evaluation (slide 20) Evaluation (continued) Description of Process What went well Problems encountered/changes made Action taken to deal with problem Design PCB and create mask Cut board to size Expose Mask and photoPCB to UV Develop exposed PCB Etch PCB Drill holes in solder pads Add resistors Add capacitors Add transistors/thyristors Add Chip socket Add off board components Add chip to socket Copy the planning table and edit as required. Comments only need to be brief.

Evaluation (slide 21) Improvements In addition to describing how the circuit could have been manufactured better; Describe how the circuit could be improved to function better to solve the problem more effectively. Different inputs More inputs Different control of the outputs Different outputs