1. D&T: Electronics and Control Systems Unit A511: Introduction to designing and making Name: Matthew Spicer Candidate number: Centre Number: 16527

2. Creativity (slide 2) Theme Choice Security Flood alarm Burglar alarm Baby Personal protection Old person alarm Night light Pet Bath Pool alarm Door lock alarm Rape alarm Attack alarm water food Water temp Water level key Passcode Water level alarm Movement Vibrational alarm bath crying Heat I am going to choose the theme security and personal security because I feel there is a need for my theme.

3. investigate Brainstorm and investigate your users, your place and other products like your intended product. It will be able to sense the temperature of the water and notify the user Investigation of Users’ Needs Designing (slide 3)

4. Creativity (slide 4) Users Needs The user needs a devise to worn them if the water is too hot or too cold (WHAT): From the sun newspaper: A MOTHER today told how her toddler daughter was fatally scalded in the bath when she turned her back for just a couple of minutes. (Picture A) A three-month-old girl from Surrey, B.C., has been airlifted to hospital after suffering severe burns while being bathed in a kitchen sink. (WHO): The main users are mothers. (WHERE): At the average home with a bath This proves there is a need for my product and it shows that my product could prevent deaths and burns from happening

5. Questionnaire x12345678910 Do you have a child ? yes Are you aware of the danger of an over heated bath ? no yesnoyes noyesno What temperature do you think is safe for a baby bath ‘c ? 2030333715402037 30 what do you think is the best warning system ? LED SoundLEDSoundLED SoundLED How much do you want to pay for a warning system ? £10£12£20£10£ 15 £20£30£10 do you know how to read a thermometer ? NO YESNOYESNO YESNO How often does your house hold have a bath per week? 2725624456 Do you think there is a need for a devise ? YES NOYES NOYES

6. Questionnaire 1.Reason: It shows me if the consumers have a personal need for the product. The results of this question show that lots of people have children and that my product will be very helpful to cautious parents. 2.Reason: I asked this question to see if people were aware that there is a concern. The results of this question show that half the people asked didn’t know there was an issue. 3.Reason: I wanted to find out if people were aware of the safe temperature for a bath. The results of this question show that the majority of people were not accurate. This shows that there is concern and a need for a product. 4.Reason: I asked this question to find out what potential users would like to see inputted in design.The results of this question show majority of people would prefer a led to a noise 5.Reason: I wanted to find out the quality of the materials I could use. The results of this question show people preferred a cheaper product. 6.Reason: I wanted to know if there was a real need for a temperature sensing devise that could be read easily. The results of this question show there is a need 7.Reason: I wanted to find out if there was frequent need for this product. The results of this question show there is a frequent usage. 8.Reason: I wanted to find out if people would buy one.The results of this question show that they would buy one.

7. Product Description – Personal Attack Alarm (£5.99) - From Amazon Tiny matchbox sized attack alarm with a useful key ring attachment. Simply pull pin out to activate alarm. Emits 130 decibel siren Supplied with alkaline battery 5 year no-quibble guarantee. Size: 4.4 x 3.8 x 1.6cm Weight: 20gms. From Amazon Product Description – Carbon Monoxide Alarm (£16.66) - From Amazon Requires 3 X AA Batteries, LCD Display, Approved Test and hush button Alarm memory function, Audio and visual Alarm, Self test function, Highly accurate carbon monoxide detection, Audibility: 85DB @ 1 metre distance Sound and LED indication Standby: Green LED flashes once every 30 seconds Alarm: Red LED flashes quickly with alarms sounding every 5 seconds and repeat Low battery indicator: Sounds every 30 seconds when batteries are lower than 3.3v with green LED, Malfunction indicator Product Description – Cold Alarm for Old People (£27.50) - From Amazon Keep warm and stay safe with this affordable and effective alert to the dangers of falling temperatures. Particularly useful for the elderly and less mobile, who are often especially vulnerable and cannot always detect or respond to getting cold, this Cold Alarm provides early warning of colder conditions in the home, so you can take simple steps to prevent ill health. The Cold Alarm delivers early warning of falling temperatures in the form of an easy-to-understand traffic light style LED display, which is backed up by an audible alarm at the lowest temperatures. Green light flashing every 10 seconds shows that the temperature is above 18°C : considered normal safe environment; Amber light flashing indicates that the temperature is between 12°C and 18°C :take action to increase warmth; Red light flashing warns of a dangerously low temperature of between 7°C and 12°C : there could be a risk of hypothermia, need to take action; Red light flashing and beeping alarm alerts to immediate danger of a temperature below 7°C : dangerously cold. Examples of products for comparison (all alarms of some sort) Remember these are examples – you need to get your own

8. Product Comparison All three products do the same operation (detect the temperature) but there is a range of styles and quality ProductCost Typical user When / Where used? Function Technology used (Input / Output) Manufacturing process used Digital Duck Bath Thermometer £12.99 A parent might use it for their child. To tell the temperature of a Childs/baby bath. Output: LCD Screen Input: heat Case: Injection moulding P.C.B. Packaging: vacuum forming Floating Bath Thermometer £14.94 This is for all users adult and child This little floating marvel will flash if your bath water is to hot. Output: flashing marvel Input: heat Case: Injection moulding P.C.B. Packaging: vacuum forming Philips AVENT SCH550/20 Bath and Thermometer £20.00 This is for all users adult and child This floats on the bath and still works out of water Output: LCD Screen Input: heat Case: Injection moulding P.C.B. Packaging: vacuum forming

9. The Design Brief I have found that there is in fact a gap in the market for bath temperature alarms so I will make a devise which will solve this problem. Also there is reports of fatal injuries from burns of the water in the bath. I will make a heat detecting devise which will alarm the user by a red LED when the bath is too hot and when it is too cold it will use a blue LED. When the temperature is safe it will use a green LED which will be constant. What I need. – My circuit will need a heat detecting diode and an LED’s to warn the user if it is too hot, too cold or just right. –. – What software you have available to you, to help you solve the problem and design a solution.

10. Bath Alarm for Level & Temperature £12.50 by Byreteck from Amazon Bath Temperature & Water Level Alert Alarm £21.99 by health and care from Amazon Function To notify the user if the water is too cold, too hot and the level too high. User need fulfilled yes Materials used in construction Acrylic, P.C.B. and components. Durability of product Lasts a long time but users complain its not hand held. Very durable and a long last product. Sustainability (6Rs) It cant be recycled but the rest of the 6’rs apply. This can be recycled unlike the cheaper product. Life cycle It is good for a few month but the battery doesn’t last long enough It is a good long lasting product Energy use It only uses a small amount of energy It also only uses a small amount of energy

11. Specification The purpose of my product is to detect the temperature of the water and notify the user this could help if the user cant use a thermometer. My product needs to sense the water temperature and notify the user if it is too cold, too hot or just right. My product will use a thermistor to sense the heat of the water. I will use 3 different coloured L.E.D.s to notify the user if it is the right temperature. My power supply will be a pp3 battery this means it is portable. The voltage will be 9v so there is no safety hazards. My product will have an on off switch so it saves battery life. It will also have a power indicator so the user can tell if its on. The circuit will be designed in circuit wizard and will use a p.c.b. It will be manufactured using a c.a.d. program. I will ensure the circuit will work by testing it under curtain conditions.

12. System Diagram Delay before INPUT INPUT Combine inputs? Delay after INPUT PROCESS Delay before OUTPU T OUTPUT 30Water Level Thermistor30 sDarlington pair 30LED 10ThermistorWater level10sTransistor10Buzzer 0SwitchnoneMOSFET0Speaker ldr2 comparators 0 pirGenie chip0 0

13. Circuit Ideas

14. I like the idea of this circuit because it has all my requirements however it has a genie chip. I do not want to use this type of chip because I will have to program it and it will be more expensive.

15. Design (slides 12 and 13) Slide 11 – Development of the chosen circuit Choose one circuit and give your reasons for choosing it. Build it in circuit wizard – Show screen shots of the circuit being developed – component values being changed to fine tune the way it works (especially in terms of timing delays etc.) – Show annotated screen shots of the circuit being tested to show that it will work and that it will solve the problem. It is important that at least three annotated stages are shown of the circuit being developed, that the screen shots show it working so that it is clear that it solves the problem.

16. This is my very first idea why I changed it was because I needed to adapt my circuit to the users wants ad needs. It has no manual power switch or an led to tell the user the circuit is working. Also there is only one led instead of the needed 3. however this one is a lot cheaper because of little materials used.

17. I used a Goldie locks circuit because it will give me the ability to have three outputs unlike an and or an or logic gate circuit. It also meets all the users needs and fits in with my questionnaire. I will not use a genie programmable chip because it is more expensive and more likely to have human error.

18. Circuit development In each circuit I changed mainly the input. By adding a led to show the power is on and adding a switch so the user can turn off the power permanently. I added this because most of my questionnaire where I found out that most people wanted one.

19. Design (slide 14) In my stages of development for my circuit I have managed to make my circuit smaller. I have done this to save materials and make it more sustainable. I did this because the more p.c.b. bored I save the cheaper it will be. I know the user is looking for this because I found out in my questionnaire.

20. Circuit Proof This is my led to notify the user that the circuit is working and my power switch added to save power and making my circuit more sustainable. This is showing my thermister sensing that the temperature is low and telling the user that the water is too cold by a blue L.E.D. This is showing my thermister sensing that the temperature is average and telling the user that the water is just right by a green L.E.D. This is showing my thermister sensing that the temperature is too hot and telling the user that the water is too hot by a red L.E.D. I used a pp3 9V battery in order to power my circuit it is light, mobile and cheap to replace.

21. Making (slide 15) Planning for manufacture Use the table below to describe how you plan to make your circuit. Use the information and pictures of equipment on my website to help you.website Description of ProcessTools/Materials requiredTips for success Design PCB and create mask Cut board to size Expose Mask and photoPCB to UV Develop exposed PCB Etch PCB Drill holes in solder pads Add resistors Add capacitors Add transistors/thyristors Add Chip socket Add off board components Add chip to socket Delete any of the processes that don’t apply You need to add detail to this column for each process

22. Making (slide 16 to 18 - approx) Manufacture of the circuit Include photographs to show the stages of the making of your circuit Annotate each picture to show what is happening. Highlight any problems that were encountered and what you did to solve the problem or anything that you changed as the circuit was constructed (i.e. what is different to what you planned. This is an important part of the mark scheme. In addition: – You must include a clear photo of the whole circuit including the off board components and the connecting wires. – You must include a clear photo of the top side of the PCB showing the components. – You must include a clear photo of the underside of the PCB showing the soldered joints. To ensure the marks for problem solving are gained it might be best if the changes mad and the problems encountered are summarised at the end of this section.

23. Evaluation (slide 19) Testing your circuit Show a step by step plan that can be used to test your finished circuit. Write it as if it were for a person who does not know how it is supposed to work. Tick of each step to show that the circuit works. Evaluation Describe what went well and what did not go so well in the manufacture of your circuit – Consider the development of the circuit and the development of the PCB – Consider the actual building of the circuit Could it have been made differently? – alternatives? Could it have been made better? – how? Compare what you did to the steps of your plan See table on next slide as a suggestion.

24. Evaluation (slide 20) Evaluation (continued) Description of ProcessWhat went wellProblems encountered/changes made Action taken to deal with problem Design PCB and create mask Cut board to size Expose Mask and photoPCB to UV Develop exposed PCB Etch PCB Drill holes in solder pads Add resistors Add capacitors Add transistors/thyristors Add Chip socket Add off board components Add chip to socket Copy the planning table and edit as required. Comments only need to be brief.

25. Evaluation (slide 21) Improvements In addition to describing how the circuit could have been manufactured better; Describe how the circuit could be improved to function better to solve the problem more effectively. – Different inputs – More inputs – Different control of the outputs – Different outputs