Chapter 3 5th Grade Science Human Body Systems Chapter 3 5th Grade Science

The Body’s Transportation System A ___________ is a group of smaller parts working together to get a job done The body has a transportation system to move _______ and _________ to each cell The transportation system also takes the cells _________ away. The transportation system of the body is the _________________ system food oxygen waste Circulatory system

The Circulatory System The circulatory system includes: _________ ________________ Each part of the system has __________ that helps it perform its necessary function. heart blood Blood vessels structure

The circulatory system consists of THREE elements

Functions of the Blood _________has several different parts, each part has a different function The biggest part of the blood is made up of a liquid called _________. The cells in the body depend on the plasma to carry food from the ____________ to the cells Cells get _________ from the plasma _________moves other important chemicals and hormones around the body Blood plasma Digestive system water Plasma

Blood Cells There are three types of blood cells: Red blood cells White Blood Cells Platelets Cells need oxygen to get energy from _______. ___________ are bright red when they are carrying _________. After the cells give the oxygen to the cells that need it, their color changes to ________ red. food Red Blood Cells oxygen dark

Parts of the Blood _______________ protect the body against germs and harmful things The number of white blood cells is always changing – the body will make more white blood cells when it needs to ________ infection. _____________ are pieces of cells that float in the blood _____________help to stop bleeding by clotting ___________ makes up more than half of the blood ______________ make up a little less than half of the blood ________________ and ______________ make up a very small portion of the blood. White blood cells fight platelets platelets plasma Red Blood cells White Blood Cells platelets

Types of Blood Cells Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets Form Shaped like discs with a dimple on each side Different shapes and sizes that change as they work Not complete cells Function Carry oxygen to the rest of the body Protect your body from germs and other harmful things Form blood clots Disorder Sickle-cell anemia – blood cells are shaped like a crescent moon. They do not carry oxygen as well as they should. Leukemia is a type of cancer where the person’s white blood cells do not form correctly and their numbers increase too quickly An embolism is a clot that floats freely in the blood and can block a vessel

Arteries, Capillaries, and Veins __________can be thought of as highways that your blood uses to move through your body. Three kinds of blood vessels: ____________ _____________ Each different blood vessel has a different ___________ that helps it do its job. Blood Vessels arteries capillaries Veins Structure

Arteries __________ are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to other parts of the body Arteries have ________, muscular walls that stretch when the heart pumps blood to it. Arteries branch into smaller and smaller tubes until they branch into the smallest blood vessel in the body, the ________. Arteries thick capillaries

Capillaries The walls of the capillaries are only one _____ thick. cell The walls of the capillaries are only one _____ thick. The tubes are so narrow that ____________ must travel in a single file line through them _____ can easily pass through these thin walls ______ moves from the blood into the capillaries to the cells _____________ and other wastes go in the opposite direction from oxygen through the capillaries red blood cells Gases oxygen Carbon dioxide

Veins Capillaries join together to form _________ _____ carry blood from cells back to the heart The tiny veins formed by the capillaries join many times to form larger ____ Veins have _____-flaps that act like doors to keep blood flowing in one direction. Arteries and capillaries do not have ________ The pumping of the heart keeps blood flowing in the right direction through the capillaries and arteries. veins veins veins. valves valves

COOL FACT The network of blood vessels in the average adult human measures over 60,000 miles! If unraveled, it could wrap around the Earth’s equator over two times!

Arteries & Veins The largest ARTERY in the body is the AORTA, which carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body (except for the lungs).   The two largest VEINS in the body are the superior and inferior VENA CAVA, which carry blood toward the heart from the rest of the body (except for the lungs).

The Heart The word “cardio” is Greek for “HEART” The human heart (as with other mammals and birds) consists of 4 chambers

Chambers of the Heart There are two ATRIA, or upper chambers. There are two VENTRICLES, or lower chambers.