Civics and Economics Review Questions Mrs. A. LeRoux

Popular Sovereignty or consent of the governed Separation of Powers What are the four fundamental political principles that have shaped government in the United States? Limited Government Popular Sovereignty or consent of the governed Separation of Powers Federalism

What does “Consent of the Governed” mean? People are the source of the governments power

What is Limited Government? Government is not all-powerful and may do only those things people have given it power to do

What does Separation of Powers mean? Power divided between three branches of government

What is Federalism? Power is shared between the national government and state governments

What are the Charters of the Virginia Company? Rights of Englishmen are guaranteed to the Colonists

What is the Virginia Declaration of Rights? Served as a model for the Bill of Rights of the Constitution

What are the Articles of Confederation? Established the first form of government for the states after the Revolutionary War Power stays with the states Weak Central Government

What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? Congress had no power to tax Congress had no power to enforce law

What is the Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom? Individuals have freedom of religious beliefs and opinions

What is the United States Constitution? Establishes the structure of the United States government

What is the Bill of Rights? Guarantees the rights of the people

What is the Preamble? The introduction to the Constitution that expresses the people have the right to rule themselves

What are the four main goals of the Preamble? To form a more perfect union to establish justice to ensure domestic peace to provide defense

What does the 14th Amendment say? All person’s born or naturalized in the United States are citizens and shall receive equal protection under the law

How may a person become a citizen of the United States? Birth Naturalization

What are the five basic freedoms of the First Amendment? Freedom of Religion Freedom of Speech Freedom of Press Freedom of Assembly Freedom of Petition

List four duties of a citizen. Obey laws pay taxes serve in the armed forces if called upon serve on a jury or as a witness in court

What are some responsibilities of citizens? Vote communicate with government officials volunteer participate in political campaigns respect rights of others

What are some good traits of citizens? Trustworthiness and honesty courtesy and respect for the rights of others respect for the law patriotism

What are four functions of political parties? Recruit and nominate candidates help candidates win elections monitor actions of office holders educate public about issues

Separation of fact from opinion detecting bias What are four strategies for evaluating campaign speeches, literature, and advertisements for accuracy? Separation of fact from opinion detecting bias evaluating sources of information identifying propaganda

What are three qualifications to register to vote in the state of Virginia? Must be a citizen of the United States Must be a resident of Virginia Must be 18 years of age

How can you register to vote in the state of Virginia? In person at the registrar’s office at the Division of Motor Vehicles By mailing in an application

What are three factors in predicting which citizens will vote? Education Age Income

Who selects the President and Vice President of the United States? The Electoral College

What are the three levels of government? National State Local

What are the responsibilities of the national government? Conduct foreign policy regulates commerce

What are the primary responsibilities of the state governments? Promote public health promote public safety promote public welfare

What are the three branches of government? Legislative Executive Judicial

How often does the Virginia legislature make a budget? Every two years (biennial)

What is judicial review? The power of the Supreme Court to decide whether or not a law is constitutional

What Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review? Marbury v. Madison

What is the system of checks and balances? Gives each of the three branches of government ways to to limit the powers of the other branches

List some examples of legislative powers over the executive branch. Override vetoes impeach a president

List one example of a legislative powers over the judicial branch. Power to approve federal judges

List one example of an executive power over the legislative branch. Veto bills of Congress

List one example of an executive power over the judicial branch. Appoint federal judges

Declare laws unconstitutional List one example of a judicial power over the executive and judicial branches of government. Declare laws unconstitutional

What are two ways the Constitution of the United States can be ratified? Action by the United States Congress or convention Ratification by the states

What does bicameral mean? Two house legislature (example the United States Congress)

What is normally the final step in a bill becoming a law? President’s signature

What type of legislature is the Virginia Assembly? Bicameral

What is the State of the Union Address? Annual address to Congress outlining the President’s goals for the future

What are some ways the media influences our government? Focusing public attention on selected issues Holding government officials accountable for their actions

What is Lobbying? Seeking to influence legislators to introduce or vote for or against a bill

What are some ways to influence government? Voting lobbying writing letters joining interest groups

What kind of cases are heard in Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court? Juvenile and Family Matters

What type of jurisdiction does the Supreme Court have? Appellate and Original

What does Marbury v. Madison say? Established the principle of judicial review

What is the highest authority in the land? The Constitution

What is due process of the law? The Constitution protects citizens against unfair government actions and laws

What is scarcity? The inability to satisfy all wants

What are resources? Factors of production that are used in the production of goods and services (example: trees, silver, water)

What is opportunity cost? What is given up when a choice is made.

What is supply? The amount of a good or service that producers are willing and able to sell at a certain price.

What is demand? The amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at a certain price.

What is a command economy? An economy in which the government owns all the property and resources (examples: CHINA and Former Soviet Union)

What is a mixed economy? An economy in which the government and individuals are principle decision makers (examples: United States and Japan).

What is a Proprietorship? A form of business organization with one owner.

What is a Partnership? A form of business organization with two or more owners.

What is the Federal Reserve System? Acts as a bank regulating the amount of money in circulation.