1. Chapter 8 Note Packet Government, Citizenship, and the Constitution

2. ORGANIZATION OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION

3. Preamble – The Preamble states the purpose of the document.

4. ORGANIZATION OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION Preamble – The Preamble states the purpose of the document. Article I – Defines the powers and structures of the legislative branch (Congress).

5. ORGANIZATION OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION Preamble – The Preamble states the purpose of the document. Article I – Defines the powers and structures of the legislative branch (Congress). Article II – Creates the executive branch of government (U.S. President).

6. ORGANIZATION OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION Preamble – The Preamble states the purpose of the document. Article I – Defines the powers and structures of the legislative branch (Congress). Article III – Establishes the judicial branch of the government (Supreme Court). Article II – Creates the executive branch of government (U.S. President).

7. ORGANIZATION OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION Preamble – The Preamble states the purpose of the document. Article I – Defines the powers and structures of the legislative branch (Congress). Article III – Establishes the judicial branch of the government (Supreme Court). Article IV – Outlines the obligations of the states to each other. Article II – Creates the executive branch of government (U.S. President).

8. ORGANIZATION OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION Preamble – The Preamble states the purpose of the document. Article I – Defines the powers and structures of the legislative branch (Congress). Article III – Establishes the judicial branch of the government (Supreme Court). Article V – Describes the process by which the Constitution may be altered (Amendments). Article IV – Outlines the obligations of the states to each other. Article II – Creates the executive branch of government (U.S. President).

9. ORGANIZATION OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION Preamble – The Preamble states the purpose of the document. Article I – Defines the powers and structures of the legislative branch (Congress). Article III – Establishes the judicial branch of the government (Supreme Court). Article V – Describes the process by which the Constitution may be altered (Amendments). Article VI – Establishes that the U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land. Article IV – Outlines the obligations of the states to each other. Article II – Creates the executive branch of government (U.S. President).

10. PREAMBLE TO THE U.S. CONSTITUTION The Preamble, or introduction, to the Constitution began with the words “We the People,” emphasizing that the members of the Constitutional Convention were acting as the representatives of the American people as a whole. The Preamble gave six purposes (goals) for the new constitution and the government it created. These purposes (goals) were to:

11. PREAMBLE TO THE U.S. CONSTITUTION The Preamble, or introduction, to the Constitution began with the words “We the People,” emphasizing that the members of the Constitutional Convention were acting as the representatives of the American people as a whole. The Preamble gave six purposes (goals) for the new constitution and the government it created. These purposes (goals) were to: “form a more perfect union.”

12. PREAMBLE TO THE U.S. CONSTITUTION The Preamble, or introduction, to the Constitution began with the words “We the People,” emphasizing that the members of the Constitutional Convention were acting as the representatives of the American people as a whole. The Preamble gave six purposes (goals) for the new constitution and the government it created. These purposes (goals) were to: “form a more perfect union.” “establish justice.”

13. PREAMBLE TO THE U.S. CONSTITUTION The Preamble, or introduction, to the Constitution began with the words “We the People,” emphasizing that the members of the Constitutional Convention were acting as the representatives of the American people as a whole. The Preamble gave six purposes (goals) for the new constitution and the government it created. These purposes (goals) were to: “form a more perfect union.” “establish justice.” “insure domestic tranquility (peace).”

14. PREAMBLE TO THE U.S. CONSTITUTION The Preamble, or introduction, to the Constitution began with the words “We the People,” emphasizing that the members of the Constitutional Convention were acting as the representatives of the American people as a whole. The Preamble gave six purposes (goals) for the new constitution and the government it created. These purposes (goals) were to: “form a more perfect union.” “establish justice.” “insure domestic tranquility (peace).” “provide for the common defense.”

15. PREAMBLE TO THE U.S. CONSTITUTION The Preamble, or introduction, to the Constitution began with the words “We the People,” emphasizing that the members of the Constitutional Convention were acting as the representatives of the American people as a whole. The Preamble gave six purposes (goals) for the new constitution and the government it created. These purposes (goals) were to: “form a more perfect union.” “establish justice.” “insure domestic tranquility (peace).” “provide for the common defense.” “promote the general welfare (well-being of citizens). ”

16. PREAMBLE TO THE U.S. CONSTITUTION The Preamble, or introduction, to the Constitution began with the words “We the People,” emphasizing that the members of the Constitutional Convention were acting as the representatives of the American people as a whole. The Preamble gave six purposes (goals) for the new constitution and the government it created. These purposes (goals) were to: “form a more perfect union.” “establish justice.” “insure domestic tranquility (peace).” “provide for the common defense.” “promote the general welfare (well-being of citizens). ” “secure the blessings of liberty.”

17. Principles of the U.S. Constitution

18. Popular Sovereignty Power Of the People Consent of the Governed All authority for government flows from the people and they rule through their elected representatives. Found in Preamble: “We the people” Great example of Popular Sovereignty

19. Limited Government Powers of government are limited by the constitution. Articles I, II, and III of the U.S. Constitution specify the powers and responsibilities of each branch. Constitutional Constraints LegislativeExecutiveJudicial

20. Separation of Powers Each Branch of Government has its own responsibilities/jobs/and powers. Legislative—Congress makes the laws. Executive—The Executive Branch enforces or carries out the laws. Judicial—The Judicial Branch interprets the laws.

21. Checks and Balances Each of the three branches of government exercises some control over the others, sharing power among them. President can issue pardons. Court can issue an injunction to stop executive action. Congress confirms all judicial appointments. Court can declare laws unconstitutional. President can veto laws. 2/3rds vote in Congress can override his veto. Executive Branch Federal Judiciary U.S. Congress

22. Federalism Power is divided and shared between the national and state governments. The 10 th Amendment states: “Powers not delegated to the federal government are reserved to the states and the people.”

23. Laws Representatives The Voting Public Republicanism Voters elect representatives to exercise power for them. (Preamble and Article I).

24. Individual Rights Rights of the Individual – your personal rights ! Found in the Bill of Rights Also referenced as Unalienable Rights in the DOI

25. Branches of Government

36. THE AMENDMENT PROCESS To prevent changes for unimportant reasons, the amending process was made more difficult than passing an ordinary law. The process can take months, or even years to complete. Article V proposes two ways to propose an amendment: ____________________________________________, or _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________. Article V proposes two ways to ratify an amendment: _______________________________________________ ____________________________________________, or _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________.

37. THE AMENDMENT PROCESS To prevent changes for unimportant reasons, the amending process was made more difficult than passing an ordinary law. The process can take months, or even years to complete. Article V proposes two ways to propose an amendment: May be proposed by 2/3 of both the House and the Senate, or May be proposed by a national convention called by Congress at the request of 2/3 of the state legislatures. Article V proposes two ways to ratify an amendment: May be approved (ratified) by the legislatures of 3/4 of the states, or May be approved (ratified) by special conventions in 3/4 of the states.

38. THE AMENDMENT PROCESS

43. THE BILL OF RIGHTS Protecting Individual Liberties 1.________________________________________________ Protecting Against Abuse of Power 2._______________________________________________ 3._______________________________________________ 4._______________________________________________ Protecting Rights of the Accused 5.________________________________________________ 6.________________________________________________ 7.________________________________________________ 8.________________________________________________ Amendments Nine and Ten 9._______________________________________________ 10._______________________________________________

44. THE BILL OF RIGHTS Protecting Individual Liberties 1.Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition Protecting Against Abuse of Power 2.The Right to Bear Arms 3.Lodging Troops in Private Home 4.Search and Seizure Protecting Rights of the Accused 5.Rights of the Accused 6.Right to Speedy Trial by Jury 7.Jury Trial in Civil Cases 8.Bail and Punishment Amendments Nine and Ten 9.Powers Reserved to the People 10.Powers Reserved to the States

45. LATER AMENDMENTS Civil War Amendments 13.________________________ 14.________________________ 15.________________________ Nineteenth Amendment 19.________________________ Twenty-Sixth Amendment 26.________________________

46. LATER AMENDMENTS Civil War Amendments 13.Abolition of Slavery 14.Rights of Citizens 15.Voting Rights Nineteenth Amendment 19.Women’s Suffrage Twenty-Sixth Amendment 26.Voting Age

47. Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship A ___________ is a person who owes loyalty to a particular nation and is entitled to all its rights and protections. To be a citizen of the United States, you must fulfill one of the following requirements: _____________________________________ ___________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _________________________________

48. Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship A citizen is a person who owes loyalty to a particular nation and is entitled to all its rights and protections. To be a citizen of the United States, you must fulfill one of the following requirements: Be born in the United States (or at least one parent is a citizen of the United States) Complete the official legal process (naturalization) for becoming a citizen (or you were 18 or younger when your parents were naturalized)

49. Requirements for Becoming a U.S. Citizen

50. Be at least 18 years old and be a permanent resident of the United States.

51. Requirements for Becoming a U.S. Citizen Be at least 18 years old and be a permanent resident of the United States. Have lived lawfully in the United States for 5 years before filing an application.

52. Requirements for Becoming a U.S. Citizen Be at least 18 years old and be a permanent resident of the United States. Have lived lawfully in the United States for 5 years before filing an application. Be a person of good moral character and have no serious criminal convictions.

53. Requirements for Becoming a U.S. Citizen Be at least 18 years old and be a permanent resident of the United States. Be able to read, write, speak, and understand simple words in English. Have lived lawfully in the United States for 5 years before filing an application. Be a person of good moral character and have no serious criminal convictions.

54. Requirements for Becoming a U.S. Citizen Be at least 18 years old and be a permanent resident of the United States. Be able to read, write, speak, and understand simple words in English. Have lived lawfully in the United States for 5 years before filing an application. Be a person of good moral character and have no serious criminal convictions. Understand the fundamentals of U.S. history and government.

55. Requirements for Becoming a U.S. Citizen Be at least 18 years old and be a permanent resident of the United States. Be able to read, write, speak, and understand simple words in English. Have lived lawfully in the United States for 5 years before filing an application. Be a person of good moral character and have no serious criminal convictions. Be willing to swear allegiance to the principles of the U.S. Constitution. Understand the fundamentals of U.S. history and government.

56. Participation in American Democracy (Civic Virtue)

57. Volunteer to serve in the nation’s armed forces or to perform some other public service

58. Participation in American Democracy (Civic Virtue) Take an active interest in government by learning about activities Volunteer to serve in the nation’s armed forces or to perform some other public service

59. Participation in American Democracy (Civic Virtue) Take an active interest in government by learning about activities Stay informed on public issues Volunteer to serve in the nation’s armed forces or to perform some other public service

60. Participation in American Democracy (Civic Virtue) Take an active interest in government by learning about activities Stay informed on public issues Respect other people’s point of view Volunteer to serve in the nation’s armed forces or to perform some other public service

61. Participation in American Democracy (Civic Virtue) Take an active interest in government by learning about activities Stay informed on public issues Respect other people’s point of view Inform your elected representatives about issues and problems that concern you Volunteer to serve in the nation’s armed forces or to perform some other public service

62. Participation in American Democracy (Civic Virtue) Take an active interest in government by learning about activities Stay informed on public issues Respect other people’s point of view Inform your elected representatives about issues and problems that concern you Vote in elections Volunteer to serve in the nation’s armed forces or to perform some other public service

63. Participation in American Democracy (Civic Virtue) Take an active interest in government by learning about activities Stay informed on public issues Respect other people’s point of view Inform your elected representatives about issues and problems that concern you Vote in elections Participate in government by joining a political party, working as an independent voter, or campaigning for public office Volunteer to serve in the nation’s armed forces or to perform some other public service

64. Participation in American Democracy (Civic Virtue) Take an active interest in government by learning about activities Stay informed on public issues Respect other people’s point of view Inform your elected representatives about issues and problems that concern you Vote in elections Participate in government by joining a political party, working as an independent voter, or campaigning for public office Serve in government if elected or appointed Volunteer to serve in the nation’s armed forces or to perform some other public service

65. Participation in American Democracy (Civic Virtue) Take an active interest in government by learning about activities Stay informed on public issues Respect other people’s point of view Inform your elected representatives about issues and problems that concern you Vote in elections Participate in government by joining a political party, working as an independent voter, or campaigning for public office Serve in government if elected or appointed Volunteer to serve in the nation’s armed forces or to perform some other public service

66. Required Responsibilities of U.S. Citizenship

67. Voting in Elections

68. Required Responsibilities of U.S. Citizenship Voting in Elections Obeying the Laws

69. Required Responsibilities of U.S. Citizenship Voting in Elections Obeying the Laws Defending the Nation

70. Required Responsibilities of U.S. Citizenship Voting in Elections Obeying the Laws Defending the Nation Serving on a Jury

71. Required Responsibilities of U.S. Citizenship Voting in Elections Obeying the Laws Defending the Nation Serving the Community Serving on a Jury

72. Required Responsibilities of U.S. Citizenship Voting in Elections Obeying the Laws Defending the Nation Serving the Community Serving on a Jury Being Informed

73. Required Responsibilities of U.S. Citizenship Voting in Elections Obeying the Laws Defending the Nation Serving the Community Serving on a Jury Being Informed