Gerunds Exercise 1 B1. I regret __________ (speak) on his behalf. I regret ___________ (deceive) my fianc é e. They regretted __________ (go) to Japan on holiday. I confess to ___________ (take) your dictionary. She regrets ___________ (cause) you so much trouble. having spoken having deceived having gone having taken having caused

Gerunds B2. He admits __________ (make) a mistake. He denied __________ (lie) to her. She admitted ____________ (be) out after midnight. having made having lied having been

Gerunds C. I dislike ____________(punish). He dislikes _____________ (scold). She hates ____________ (look) down on. He hates ___________ (yell) at. being punished being scolded being looked being yelled

Gerunds II A It is dangerous _________ (swim) alone. = It is dangerous to swim alone. (Inf) = To swim alone is dangerous. (Inf) swimming

Gerunds II B It is a nightmare _________ (swim) alone. = It is dangerous swimming alone. It is a tedious business ________ (attend) a three-hour lecture. = It is boring attending a three-hour lecture. (Inf) = It is boring to attend a three-hour lecture. swimming attending

Gerunds II C It is no good _________ (study) overnight before exams. = It is not good to study overnight before exams. (Infinitive) It is no use __________ (argue) with an unreasonable person. = It is useless to argue with an unreasonable person. studying arguing

Gerunds II D There is no point in _______ (take) the exam again. What is the point of ________ (take) the exam again? taking

Gerunds II E He gave up __________ (smoke). I am against ________ (move) to the New Territories. He insisted on ________ (pay) for me. She left without __________ (say) goodbye. It is difficult to get used to ______ (eat) Japanese food. The school is for __________ (teach) the mentally retarded. He cannot stop himself from _________ (walk). No one can prevent himself from _________ (meet) accidents. We congratulate him on ________ (win) first prize. You should concentrate on _______ (do) your homework. We should keep on _________ (try). We finally succeed in __________ (get) the first prize. smoking saying eating teaching walking meeting winning doing trying getting paying moving

Gerunds ii F I object to _________ (help) her. He will become used to _________ (work) alone. I am close to __________ (realise) my dream. He is confined to ____________ (watch) two television series a week. She is devoted to __________ (help) the needy. When it comes to ___________ (speak) in public, he becomes so shy that he can only stammer. We are all susceptible to ___________(advertise). Hard work is the only key to _________ (pass) exams. His approach to _______ (teach) and ______ (write) is original. I am sorry for ________ (be) late. = I am late and I am sorry about it. helping working realising watching helping speaking advertising passing teachingwriting being

Gerunds ii G What about __________ (hold) a fun fair this weekend? How about ____________ (postpone) the meeting till next Wednesday? holding postponing

Gerunds ii H I avoid _________ (make) the same mistake. I postpone ___________ (pay) the bill. I consider ____________ (emigrate) to Canada. I can’t help ___________ (think) of her. Is the book worth ___________ (read)? She does the __________ (shop) herself. We will go __________ (picnic) this Sunday making paying emigrating thinking reading shopping picnicking

Gerunds iii A Mean + Gerund (= amount to or equal to) To some students, not being able to get an A means ___________ (fail). Arguing with the boss means ___________ (ask) for trouble. Mean + infinitive (= intend to or want to) I did not mean to ________ (offend) you. failing asking offend

Gerunds iii C Try + gerund (= method or way to solve a problem) If you want to lose weight, why don ’ t you try _________ (eat) less? If you want to lose weight, why don ’ t you try __________ (take) up aerobics? Try + infinitive ( = make an effort to) I know that I am too fat and I am trying to _______ (lose) weight. eating taking lose

Gerunds iii D Stop + gerund ( = 1 action; don ’ t do anything else) When the time is up, all the students stop __________ (write). Stop + infinitive ( = 2 actions; stop the first action before doing the second action) On my way to school, I stopped _________ (help) a blind man cross the road. writing to help

Gerunds iii E The school does not allow students ___________ (smoke). The school does not allow ________ (smoke). The school forbids students _______ (eat) in the classroom. The school forbids ________ (eat) in the classroom. to smoke smoking to eat eating

Gerunds iii F I would advise him _____________ (marry) another woman. I would advise _________ (choose) the second applicant. to marry/marrying choosing

Gerunds iii G Like + gerund ( = general meaning) I like ___________ (swim). Like + infinitive (= sth that you are going to do) I like ___________ (swim) when it is hot in the afternoon. swimming to swim

Gerunds iii H prefer + gerund (= sth already in progress) I prefer __________ (sit) next to him. (= already sitting next to him) prefer + infinitive (sth going to happen) I prefer ___________ (sit) next to him. (= going to sit next to him) sitting to sit

Gerunds iii I I need ______ (cut) my hair. (active infinitive) My hair needs________ (cut). (gerund) My hair needs ___________ (cut). (passive infinitive) Your hair is too long. It needs ________ (cut). The car is dirty. It needs __________ (wash). The car is dirty. It needs ______________ (wash). to cut to be cut cutting to be cut washing to be washed