Religions of Ancient India EQ: How do religions develop? Chapter 9, Lesson 2

Ch.9, Lesson 2: Vocabulary (pg. 257) Hinduism Brahman Reincarnation Karma Dharma Buddhism Nirvana Jainism

Hinduism: The Religion of India World’s oldest religions Third largest religion next to Christianity and Islam Sacred writings are called Vedas Aryan ideas mixed with other Indian peoples ideas = Hinduism

What is Hinduism? Hindus main belief is that there is one universal sprit (god) Brahman However, most Indians could not easily understand the idea of Brahma So they believed in many gods (deities) Hinduism is polytheistic Most important gods: the Creator, Protector, and Destroyer

The Three Major Gods: Brahman The Creator god Created the Universe Four heads = each head is said to have delivered the four Vedas (sacred texts)

Vishnu, the Protector god Shiva, The Destroyer https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pfy0jKaxBFs

Hinduism: Many Lives Reincarnation: the belief that each person has many lives Karma: the belief that the deeds (actions) of a person affect what he or she will be in the next life. To have a better existence in the next life—you must follow your dharma = your place in society (caste) Animals have a supreme life force Many Hindus don’t eat meat as a result.

Activity: Reincarnation DRAFT Pretend you would be able to experience reincarnation. Write a story in which you narrate your reincarnation. In the story you must answer the following questions: What would be your dharma—your personal duty (job), based on your place in society? What would your be reincarnated into? 3. How would you behave in life to guarantee that your get good karma.

Buddhism In 500s b.c., some Indians felt unhappy with the many ceremonies of the Hindu religion. They wanted a simpler, more spiritual faith. Focus on meditation.

The Buddha Siddhartha Gautama ( Buddha ) Prince who gave up wealth and power to understand the meaning of life Founded a new religion called Buddhism  Felt people too occupied with fame, money, and personal possessions https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ES7xCTtlueQ

Buddha’s Life and Teachings Priest predicted that Siddhartha Gautama be selfless, wandering holy man At age 29, saw sickness, old age, poverty, and death for the first time in his life. 6 years of fasting / meditation

Four Noble Truths Life is full of suffering. People suffer because they desire worldly things and want to satisfy themselves. The way to end suffering is to stop desiring things. The only way to stop desiring things is to follow the Eightfold Path

Eightfold Path They believe that the Eightfold Path can lead to nirvana

Buddhism Splits After Buddha died, Buddhism divided into many branches Theravada Buddhists and Mahayana Buddhists.

Buddhism Today Today, Buddhism is one of the major world religions. Most Buddhists live in Southeast Asia and East Asia. Only a few live in India, Buddhism's birthplace.

Activity Read pg. 260 -262. Complete the following questions Write questions and answers.

Cornell Notes: Jainism Read pg. 263 – 264 Write Cornell Notes = remember read the paragraph and get the main ideas and most important detail. Jainism Who is Mahavira? Who is Ahimsa? *** Notes DUE on my Desk at 1: 55 pm WHEN YOUR FINISH YOU HAVE AN ASSIGNMENT.

Jainism Arose around 500 BC Developed from a religious leader named Mahavira He lived around the same time as Siddhartha

Who is Mahavira? Like Siddhartha, Mahavira came from a wealthy family. He gave up his worldly procession. He became known as the Jina, or conqueror.

Janis Beliefs Like the teaching of the Buddha, Jainism: Taught people to stop wanting worldly things Only by doing so would they escape the cycle of rebirth and reach nirvana Janis practiced strict poverty

Jainism: What is Ahimsa? Key idea of Jainism = ahimsa Practicing non-violence toward all living things Believed all life is sacred Used brooms to sweep insects Not farm because afraid to kill worms Currently there are 6 million followers of Jainism, most live in India.

Jainism and its Influence Gandhi uses ahimisa (nonviolence) - Martin Luther King Jr. was influenced by him Millions practice meditation

Activity: Compare and Contrast Compare and contrast the beliefs of Buddhism and Jainism Buddhism Jainism

Short Response Write a two paragraphs comparing and contrasting Buddhism and Jainism using the Venn Diagram DUE BY THE END OF CLASS, no exception!

Home Learning Study the vocabulary notes and vocabulary on India. Chapter 9: Lesson 1 and Lesson 2 You have a QUIZ on Friday—possibly 20 questions.