Founding the Middle and Southern Colonies

In section, you will read about the founding of the Middle Colonies (such as New York), and the Southern Colonies.

New Jersey New York The Middle Colonies Delaware Pennsylvania

The Dutch West India Company, founded the colony of New Netherland in what is now New York.

States which were part of New Netherlands

A map of the Hudson river valley c. 1635 (North is to the right)

New Amsterdam in 1664

New Amsterdam c. 1674

The Dutch colony of New Netherland attacked the nearby colony of New Sweden in 1655, but was itself attacked by the Duke of York’s troops and renamed New York.

James II, Duke of York.                                        

The Duke of York, gave the province of New Jersey to his friends, Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley in 1664. Settlers in New Jersey were promised large land grants and religious freedom.

The original provinces of West and East New Jersey are shown in yellow and green respectively. The Keith line is shown in red, and the Coxe and Barclay line is shown in orange. The wedge at the top is the territory at the disputed New Jersey / New York border

William Penn, a Quaker, was given a large piece of land in America by Charles II in order to repay a debt. This piece of land came to be called Pennsylvania, and was a place where Quakers and non-Quakers alike could live according to their beliefs.

William Penn

Benjamin West's painting (in 1771) of William Penn's 1682 treaty with the Lenape

Having been granted their own assembly in 1704 by Penn, Delaware eventually separated from Pennsylvania.

The area now known as "Delaware" had no official name before 1776; it was administered by the proprietors of Pennsylvania as part of their jurisdiction, even though it had a separate local assembly and courts.

QUICK CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING

The______, founded the colony of ______ in what is now New York. 1) West Indian Company, New Jersey 2) Pennsylvania Dutch, New Netherland 3) Dutch West India Company, New Netherland 4) Dutch East India Company, New York

The Dutch colony of New Netherland was renamed ______. 1) New York 2) New Jersey 3) Baltimore 4) Delaware

The Duke of York, gave the province of ______ to his friends, Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley in 1664. 1) Delaware 2) New Jersey 3) Baltimore 4) Newark

______ was given a large piece of land in America by Charles II ______ was given a large piece of land in America by Charles II. This piece of land came to be called ______. 1) Lord Baltimore, Charleston 2) William Penn, Pennsylvania 3) Lord Baltimore, Baltimore 4) The Duke of York, New York

William Penn was a ______ by religion. 1) Puritan 2) Presbyterian 3) Quaker 4) Baptist

Having been granted their own assembly in 1704, ______ eventually separated from Pennsylvania. 1) Baltimore 2) New York 3) the Carolinas 4) Delaware

North Carolina Maryland The Southern Colonies Georgia South Carolina

Lord Baltimore established Maryland in 1632 for Roman Catholics fleeing persecution in England.

Charles Calvert, 5th Baron Baltimore

In 1663, Carolina was founded as a colony In 1663, Carolina was founded as a colony. The colony was later divided into North Carolina and South Carolina.

In 1732 James Oglethorpe founded Georgia as a refuge for debtors.

Savannah, Georgia colony, Early 1700's

By the early 1700s, there were 13 English colonies along the eastern coast of North America.

In 1775, the British claimed authority over the red and pink areas on this map and Spain ruled the orange. The red area is the area of the 13 colonies open to settlement after the Proclamation of 1763.

QUICK CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING

______ established ______ in 1632 for Roman Catholics fleeing persecution in England. 1) Lord Baltimore, Rhode Island 2) Lord Byron, Maryland 3) James Oglethorpe, Rhode Island 4) Lord Baltimore, Maryland

In 1663, ______was founded as a colony In 1663, ______was founded as a colony. The colony was later divided into North and South. 1) Carolina 2) Carolus 3) Carrollton 4) Carrollsberg

In 1732 ______ founded ______ as a refuge for debtors. 1) James Oglethorpe, Maryland 2) John Oglethorpe, Maryland 3) James Madison, Georgia 4) James Oglethorpe, Georgia

By the early 1700s, there were ______ English colonies along the eastern coast of North America. 1) 10 2) 15 3) 13 4) 12