Troubled Borders

 Kashmir’s Disputed Accession to India in 1947  Heterogeneity of the Landscape  Postponed War and Actual Line of Control  1 January 1948 Indian appeal to United Nations  In March 1948 Sheikh Abdullah was appointed the Premier of the Jammu and Kashmir Region  Land Reforms and the End of Dogra Rajput Domination ( 40,000 acres of land redistributed, absentee landlordism prohibited, increase in the share of the tenants, and moratorium on debts)  Nehru’s triumphant Visit to Kashmir in 1949  Article 370 as the guarantee of future status of Kashmir

 End of the proposal for Plebiscite  Abdullah favoring Independence of Kashmir  Difference between Jammu and Kashmir  First Election of Jammu and Kashmir and National Conference won all 75 seats due to boycott by Jammu Praja Parishad a Hindu Organization  Abdullah Demanding special status for Kashmir within India with separate flag, and the head of the government being called Prime Minister  Hindu protests against National Conference and Abdullah in Jammu  Delhi Accord of 1952  Jammu Agitation continued  Shamya Prasad Mukherjee a Bharatya Jansangh Leader extended support to them and challenged Nehru to go into war with Pakistan  April 1953meeting between Adlai Stevenson and Sheikh Abdullah  Death of Shyama Parasad Mukherjee in Kashmir Jail on 22 June 1953 under heart attack  Popular outcry against Abdullah among Hindus and the Idea of Independence mooted by Sheikh Abdullah  Coup within National Conference when Bakshi Gulam Mohammad another National Conference leader revolted against Sheikh and was appointed Prime Minister of the State in August 1953  Shiekh Abdullah was arrested in 1953

 Indian Diplomacy and Patronage Distribution Regime of Bakshi  27 December 1963 Hazaratbal Incident and Sastri’s solution of the Problem  Appointment of G. M. Sadiq as the Chief Minister  India Pakistan Talk (Swaran Sing and Z. A. Bhutto) in 1962 and 63  Abdullah’s Release in 1958 and his arrest again by Kashmiri Authorities  Nehru’s Guilt and the release of Abdullah on 8 April 1964  Opposition to Kashmir’s Independence among Congressmen  29 April 1964 Sheikh Abdullah reached Delhi for a talk  New Formula for peace evolved by Raja Gopalacharya and Nehru and Ayub Khan President of Pakistan was approached  Abdullah left for Pakistan on 24 May 1964 and met with the President of Pakistan and 26 th May it was announced that there would be a meeting between President Ayub Khan, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru with Shiekh being present in the meeting  27 th May Nehru the final supporter of peace passed away and with him died the prospect for lasting peace between India and Pakistan  New Geo-Political significance of Kashmir

 Colonial Assam and India  ‘Tribal Polity’ and the Indian State  Geo-Political Significance of North East  Naga Rebellion and Troubled Border  Crisis in Mizoram  Growing Tension in Assam Between Bengalis and Assamese  Integration of Arunachal Pradesh  Can India and its Experiment with Democracy Survive?