Poetry Review

Metaphor a figure of speech in which a term or phrase is applied to something to which it is not literally applicable in order to suggest a resemblance

Examples Eliza is a computer; she knows everything! The President spoke into a bouquet of microphones. Bees are diligent soldiers, working for their Queen. The lake is a mirror. Juliet is the sun.

Simile Compares one thing to another using like or as He is sweet as pie! Sally sings like a bird! This Coke is flat as a pancake! Like a cheetah, Jerome sprints through the forest.

Personification Attributing human like characteristics to inanimate objects.

The wind screamed through the trees. Examples The wind screamed through the trees. The flower stretched its petal fingers to the sun. The chocolate called out to me from the grocery shelf, and I had to buy it. The dolphin winked and laughed and swam away.

Hyperbole 1.obvious and intentional exaggeration. 2.an extravagant statement or figure of speech not intended to be taken literally, as “to wait an eternity.”

Examples I’ve asked you a million times to clean your room! Jeff is so hungry, he could eat a horse! Jeff exploded when he got the message that his car had been stolen.

Onomatopoeia the formation of a word, as cuckoo or boom, by imitation of a sound made by or associated with it BUZZ! BUZZ!

Examples Pop Bang Clang Snap Zip Whistle

These are NOT Onomatopoeia! Whooo Ahhh Ooooh Ei ei o! La la la Mmmmm Uhh

Alliteration The repetition of initial consonant sounds: Bugs buzzin’ Melancholy menace Like a tongue twister: Seven silver swans swam silently seaward

Theme Central message or insight into life revealed through a literary work The Bells - a theme of bells sounds at very different occasions in life – how we remember sounds with events Ecclesiastes - a theme of the phases of life, the changing of seasons, a time and a place for all purposes

Rhyme Scheme Regular pattern of rhyming words that appear at the ends of lines in a poem

Haiku Three verse poem, unrhymed, developed in Japan The first and third line have 5 syllables each. The second line has 7 syllables Seek to find the beauty, power, and freedom in nature

Haiku

Sonnet Lyric poem of 14 lines Usually written in iambic pentameter

Iambic Pentameter 10 syllable lines in which every 2nd syllable is accented

Free Verse Poetry NOT written in a regular rhythmical pattern or meter – seeks to capture the rhythms of every day speech

Blank Verse Poetry Written in unrhymed iambic pentameter

Rhyme The repetition of sounds at the ends of words Example: peeping - sleeping

Perfect Rhyme Rhyme that meets these criteria: 1. an exact correspondence in the vowel sound and in words ending in consonants, the sound of the final consonant 2. similarity of accent on the rhyming syllable sand – land – band – hand - grand

Internal Rhyme Occurs when the rhyming words appear in the same line As in The Raven “Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary”

Tone Writer’s attitude toward a subject Edgar Allan Poe’s tone changes in each section of The Bells.

Connotation The connotation of a word is the idea, or subtle meaning, associated with it. Example: Childlike vs Youthful Cheap vs Affordable House vs Home

Lyric Poem Lyric Poem: a short poem of songlike quality - verse that expresses the observations and feelings of a single speaker though highly musical style – that style comes from sound devices such as rhythm, alliteration, rhyme, and onomatopoeia

Narrative Poem Tells a story Casey at the Bat The Raven