The Age of Absolutism in Europe 1600-1715. Europe in 1700.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Absolute Monarchs in Europe
Advertisements

Parliament Limits the English Monarchy
Absolutism.
Unit III: Absolutism “You will assist me with your councils when I ask for them. I request and order you to seal no orders except by my command. I order.
English Civil War and Glorious Revolution. James I and the Origins of the English Civil War James was the son of Mary Queen of Scots and, because Elizabeth.
Parliament Limits the English Monarchy
Setting the Stage for Revolution: Absolute Monarchies Warm Up: Define 1. divine right 2. absolute monarch.
Age of Absolutism Global Studies 9 Mrs. Hart. Absolutism Absolutism is a political theory that puts for the idea that a ruler has complete and unrestricted.
Bell Ringer: 11/16 & 11/17 Peter the Great wanted to ______________________ Russia by making it more like western Europe. Peter the Great wanted to ______________________.
Paths to Constitutionalism and Absolutism England and France in the Seventeenth Century.
 King John forced to sign the Magna Carta, agreeing to obey laws & consult with Parliament (legislature = make laws) Magna Carta Video  1603.
The Age of Absolute Monarchs
The Glorious Revolution
Absolutism Review. French Protestants What are Huguenots?
The Age of Absolutism in Europe The Thirty Years’ War Map.
Parliament Limits the English Monarchy.  Parliament is England’s legislature; they “held the purse strings”  Parliament’s financial power was an obstacle.
Absolute Monarchs. Spanish Empire Phillip II of Spain  Great Grandson of Ferdinand & Isabella  Spain, Portugal, Africa, India, East Indies.
Unit 11/12 Review. Who Am I?  Calvinist king of Scotland who inherited English throne from Elizabeth I  James I.
Absolutism in Europe. Europe Monarchs (kings/queens) were strengthened through their colonies –Economic growth through mercantilism (exploitation of colonies.
Chapter 23 Setting the Stage for Revolution: Absolute Monarchies.
Absolute Monarchies in Austria-Hungary & Prussia Warm Up: Define 1. divine right 2. absolute monarch.
CHAPTER 19 ABSOLUTISM ABSOLUTISM. A FLEET OF WARSHIPS IN SPAIN.
Growth of Democracy in England Ch. 1-5.
The Age of Absolutism in Europe Europe during the Age of Absolutism.
Chapter 21 Absolute Monarchs in Europe
AGE OF ABSOLUTISM (UNIT 3, CHAPTER 21) GRAPHIC ORGANIZER NOTES
The Age of Absolutism in Europe Europe during the Age of Absolutism.
Journal 2/24 Turn to page 494; what is mercantilism? How do colonialism, the Triangle of Trade and Colombian Exchange fit into the ideals of mercantilism?
Absolute Monarchs in Europe Chapter 21. What is Absolutism? Political belief that one ruler should have total (ABOLUTELY ALL) power –Despot-Ruler with.
Name the term that best completes the sentences to follow!
Overview 1500s and 1600s: Rulers in Asia and Europe wanted to centralize their political power Used divine right, or authority from God, to gain complete.
Overview In the 1500s and 1600s, several rulers in Asia and Europe sought to centralize their political power. Claiming divine right, or authority from.
Absolutism and Constitutionalism. Terms to Know  Absolutism-a political system in which a ruler holds total power  Divine Right of Kings- the belief.
Setting the Stage for Revolution: Absolute Monarchies
Absolutism in Europe. Europe Monarchs were strengthened through their colonies –Economic growth through mercantilism –Goal to become most wealthy nation.
Absolutism. Absolutism Defined A government in which all power is centralized – total control over all aspect of life by the monarch (king)
Absolute Monarchies World History Warm Up: Define 1. divine right of kings 2. absolutism 3. Absolute Monarch Define these in your C-Notes. 3. Absolute.
 System of government King or Queen has complete control over government & its people  Autocracy  Centralized Government  Nation states.
Overview In the 1500s and 1600s, several rulers in Asia and Europe sough to centralize their political power. Claiming divine right, or authority from.
Setting the Stage for Revolution: Absolute Monarchies Define in your notes 1. divine right 2. absolute monarch Define in your notes 1. divine right 2.
England and the Glorious Revolution. Monarchs Clash with Parliament : James I He came to power after Elizabeth I (who spent too much money and left the.
Overview In the 1500s and 1600s, several rulers in Asia and Europe sough to centralize their political power. Claiming divine right, or authority from.
Timeline of Absolutism
 A document granting rights to both the Church in England and the Nobility signed by King John in This is considered to be the beginning of British.
ABSOLUTISM Political system in which monarchs have complete power and control over a nation. Absolute Monarchs believed in divine right or the idea that.
Crisis and Absolutism in Europe Absolute monarchyAbsolute monarchy, a form of government where the monarch has the power to rule their land freely,
Chapter 17 The Age of Absolutism, Vocabulary.
Absolute Monarchs. Absolutism  Absolutism = belief that 1 ruler should hold power within a country  Causes:  War / Religious Conflict creates fear.
Prior to the monarchs taking control of their kingdom, how was Europe ruled? Chapter 5 –Monarchs Feudalism – lords were in control of the manor and the.
Absolutism Mr. Torchetti. Divine Right The power for the monarch to rule comes from God and that the king is an agent of God. Absolute monarchs used this.
 System of government King or Queen has complete control over government & its people  Autocracy  Centralized Government  Nation states.
European Absolutism 1500s-1800s. 1. Before Absolutism A. Medieval times-weak central governments B. Lords and Church officials stronger than kings.
Conflict and absolutism in Europe
 Have out notes and a writing utensil.  Title your notes Absolute Monarchs.
Spain 1. Charles V- Ruled 2 empires- Catholic Heir to the Hapsburgs- Austrian rulers of the Holy Roman Empire… Greatest foe- Ottoman Empire 2. Phillip.
Limited and Unlimited Governments in Europe
Setting the Stage for Revolution: Absolute Monarchies
Global Absolutism Late 1500s-1700s.
ABSOLUTISM.
Absolutism Monarchs had complete authority over the government and lives of the people in their nations.
The Age of Absolutism in Europe
Trivia Review.
Absolutism.
Spain France England Others Vocabulary 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 10 pt
Welcome to Jeopardy!.
Louis XVI of France Louis XIV of France James I of England Catherine
From Absolutism to Enlightenment
Absolutism.
The Age of Absolutism in Europe
Monarch with dates of reign and royal family name.
Presentation transcript:

The Age of Absolutism in Europe

Europe in 1700

Absolutism in France Louis XIV ( ) believed the monarch personified the state Louis XIV ( ) believed the monarch personified the state Absolutism was created under Cardinal Mazarin who secularized France and fostered loyalty to the French state Absolutism was created under Cardinal Mazarin who secularized France and fostered loyalty to the French state

Reign of Louis XIV Used intendants to limit the power of the nobility Used intendants to limit the power of the nobility Mercantilism was used to increase the wealth of France Mercantilism was used to increase the wealth of France Jean Baptiste Colbert Jean Baptiste Colbert Colonization Colonization Canada Canada Built the Palace of Versailles to demonstrate his power and limit the power of the nobility Built the Palace of Versailles to demonstrate his power and limit the power of the nobility

Palace of Versailles

Versailles Grande Gallerie Daily routines at Versailles were exploited by Louis XIV The nobility competed against each other to perform menial tasks for the king

Versailles—Some Statistics Modern cost: over $2,000,000,000 Modern cost: over $2,000,000,000 Annual upkeep took 25% of France’s income Annual upkeep took 25% of France’s income Main building 500 yards long Main building 500 yards long Two wings: 150 yards long Two wings: 150 yards long 2,000 rooms 2,000 rooms 15,000 acres of gardens with 1,400 fountains 15,000 acres of gardens with 1,400 fountains

Peter the Great Ruled Modernized Russia through Westernization Expanded Russia to Pacific Taxed his subjects heavily to pay for his projects

Russian Empire after PtG

Winter Palace in St. Petersburg

Philip II of Spain Ruled Spain ( ) when the empire was at its height Devout Catholic Centralized royal power Married Mary I of England Invaded England with Spanish Armada in 1588

Frederick II of Prussia   Absolute ruler of Prussia ( )   Unified Prussia, part of the Holy Roman Empire, into one nation   Built on of Europe’s most powerful militaries   Supported the Enlightenment

Maria Theresa of Austria Absolute monarch of Austria ( ) Enlightened Despot Eased taxes and gave more rights to her subjects Gave birth to 16 children while in power

17 th Century England James I ( ) supported absolute rule James I ( ) supported absolute rule Charles I ( ) fought with Parliament over money for his wars with Spain Charles I ( ) fought with Parliament over money for his wars with Spain Dissolved Parliament in 1629 starting the English Civil War between supporters of Charles and supporters of Parliament led by Oliver Cromwell Dissolved Parliament in 1629 starting the English Civil War between supporters of Charles and supporters of Parliament led by Oliver Cromwell

Oliver Cromwell Oliver Cromwell: Lord Protector – England Oliver Cromwell: Lord Protector – England Ruled through the army instead of Parliament Ruled through the army instead of Parliament Exiled Catholics to Ireland Exiled Catholics to Ireland Strict Puritan laws passed – theaters closed, Sunday set aside for worship, no lewd dancing, taverns or gambling Strict Puritan laws passed – theaters closed, Sunday set aside for worship, no lewd dancing, taverns or gambling When Cromwell died, Restoration began. When Cromwell died, Restoration began.

The Restoration Charles II ( ) learned the lessons of his predecessors – don’t mess with Parliament Charles II ( ) learned the lessons of his predecessors – don’t mess with Parliament James II ( ) was an unpopular king James II ( ) was an unpopular king Returned to Absolutism Returned to Absolutism Antagonized Parliament Antagonized Parliament Ran up a huge debt Ran up a huge debt Openly Catholic Openly Catholic Forced from throne in what came to be called the Glorious Revolution. Forced from throne in what came to be called the Glorious Revolution.

The Glorious Revolution (1688) William of Orange, the Dutch monarch was asked by the English people to depose their king, James II William of Orange, the Dutch monarch was asked by the English people to depose their king, James II Parliament now reigned supreme Parliament now reigned supreme The Bill of Rights (1689) outlined the powers and rights of Parliament The Bill of Rights (1689) outlined the powers and rights of Parliament

English Bill of Rights of 1689 Guaranteed supremacy of Parliament over the monarchy Guaranteed supremacy of Parliament over the monarchy Monarchy could neither make nor suspend laws Monarchy could neither make nor suspend laws Trial by jury reinstated Trial by jury reinstated Affirmed “writ of habeas corpus” – no person can be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime. Due process of laws Affirmed “writ of habeas corpus” – no person can be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime. Due process of laws Laid groundwork for American system of laws Laid groundwork for American system of laws

Thomas Hobbes (1588 –1679) Man is inherently selfish and aggressive Man is inherently selfish and aggressive Left on own, chaos and conflict would rule Left on own, chaos and conflict would rule Citizens need law and to follow a sovereign to avoid chaos Citizens need law and to follow a sovereign to avoid chaos

John Locke (1632 – 1704) Believed that over time people would join together to benefit from cooperation Believed that over time people would join together to benefit from cooperation Through a Social Contract, sovereignty would remain with the people Through a Social Contract, sovereignty would remain with the people Natural Rights—life, liberty, and property Natural Rights—life, liberty, and property