The English Civil War

CIVIL WAR! Between 1642 and 1646 King Charles fought a civil war against his enemies. By the end of the war over 20% of the nation’s adults had taken part in the fighting. In this lesson we will learn WHY there was a civil war and how different people felt about it.

WHAT IS A CIVIL WAR? a.A war where both sides are from different countries. b.A war where both sides are from nearby countries. c.A war which goes on for more than two years. d.A war where both sides are nice to each other. e.A war where both sides are from the same country.

X HOW MANY REASONS FOR THE CIVIL WAR CAN YOU GIVE? a.More than 3 b.3 c.2 d.1 e.0

CHARLES BECOMES KING. In 1625 James I of England died. People remember him as the king who the Gunpowder Plotters allegedly tried to blow up. His son Charles became king. Everybody was interested to know what the new king would be like.

1645 Charles Becomes King. a.Strongly Agree b.Agree c.No opinion d.Disagree e.Strongly Disagree CHARLES SHOULD BE KING…

1625 CHARLES MARRIES HENRIETTA MARIA. In 1625 Charles married a beautiful French Princess. Henrietta Maria was a 15 year old Catholic. She would do her best to make sure that any children she had would be brought up as Catholics, and would influence Charles to accept Catholic ideas.

1625 Charles Marries Henrietta Maria. a.Strongly Agree b.Agree c.No opinion d.Disagree e.Strongly Disagree CHARLES SHOULD BE KING…

1628 CHARLES CLOSES DOWN PARLIAMENT. The king and Parliament shared power between them. For example, Parliament and the king both had to agree to change taxes. This was to protect the British people from too much tax. In 1628 Charles asked Parliament for more money. Parliament told him that he could raise taxes but only for one year. The king was so angry that he closed down Parliament and ruled without it for 11 years.

1628 Charles Closes Down Parliament. a.Strongly Agree b.Agree c.No opinion d.Disagree e.Strongly Disagree CHARLES SHOULD BE KING… X

1634 SHIP MONEY. By 1634 Charles was absolutely desperate for money. He wasn’t prepared to listen to Parliaments advice on the matter. There was an old law that allowed the king to collect ‘Ship Money’ from towns on the coast. This tax was used for building up the navy. (If there was an invasion coastal towns would be attacked first). The king decided that every town in England would have to pay ship money and that the money could be used however he wanted.

1634 Ship Money. a.Strongly Agree b.Agree c.No opinion d.Disagree e.Strongly Disagree CHARLES SHOULD BE KING…

1637 NEW PRAYER BOOK Henrietta Maria persuaded Charles to accept more Catholic ideas. He introduced a new prayer book which included more Catholic ideas. When some Puritans complained, he ordered their ears to be chopped off!

1637 New Prayer Book. a.Strongly Agree b.Agree c.No opinion d.Disagree e.Strongly Disagree CHARLES SHOULD BE KING…

1640 WAR WITH SCOTLAND Charles had tried to make all the Scottish churches use the new prayer book. When they refused (one woman threw a stool at the the priest reading from the new prayer book) Charles increased taxes again and declared war.

1640 War With Scotland. a.Strongly Agree b.Agree c.No opinion d.Disagree e.Strongly Disagree CHARLES SHOULD BE KING…

1642 CHARLES TRIES TO ARREST 5 MPS Charles continued to argue with Parliament. He got more and more angry. He wanted Parliament to agree more money for him. He wanted them to accept the ‘divine right of kings’ - that a king has the right to rule from God and so can do as he likes. He was furious that Parliament had forced him to execute Lord Strafford, one of his advisors. Charles finally ran out of patience. He barged into the House of Commons and tried to arrest 5 Members of Parliament.

1642 Charles Tries To Arrest 5 Members Of Parliament. a.Strongly Agree b.Agree c.No opinion d.Disagree e.Strongly Disagree CHARLES SHOULD BE KING…

1642 CHARLES PREPARES FOR WAR Parliament took control of the army and began to organise for war. Charles did not try to negotiate with Parliament. He began to raise his own army, refusing to discuss the issue.

1642 Charles Prepares For War. a.Strongly Agree b.Agree c.No opinion d.Disagree e.Strongly Disagree CHARLES SHOULD BE KING…

X HOW MANY REASONS FOR THE CIVIL WAR CAN YOU GIVE? a.More than 3 b.3 c.2 d.1 e.0