RUGBY

History The game of Rugby was invented in 1823 at Rugby School in Warwickshire It began when a schoolboy picked up the ball during a soccer game and ran with it Today, Rugby is played in many countries. Including, UK, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, Fiji, Samoa. There are also several varieties of Rugby, with slightly different rules.

The Ball The ball is oval in shape and made of leather It is about 30cm long and weighs 0.4Kg

Field & Scoring Rugby is played on a rectangular field There are two goalposts. The purpose of the game is to score the most points by achieving “tries” and “goals”. To score a “try” the ball must be carried across the goal line and placed onto the ground. When this occurs the scoring team is awarded 5 points and a “place kick” for a goal is permitted.

100 meters 69 meters

Halfway line 10m line 22m line TRY line Dead Ball line 5m line

Goalposts

Field & Scoring “TRY”

Field & Scoring “GOAL” (conversion) Place where the “try” was scored Conversion kick can be taken anywhere along this line

Practice kicking a Conversion on this website:

Positions Each team has 15 players on the field at a time, 8 of these are forward positions: 2 props (1,3) 1 hooker (2) 2 locks (4,5) 2 flankers (6,7) 1 eight-man (8) 7 of these are “back” positions: 1 scrumhalf (9) 1 fly half (10) 2 centers (11, 12) 2 wingers (13, 14) 1 fullback (15)

Positions The purpose of the backs is to move the ball down the field and score a try. The ball can only be passed backwards so the backs will line up at 45 degrees. Backs are usually fast and agile

Positions Forwards are generally larger and stronger. Forwards act mostly as a support for the backs when on offense. On defense, forwards and backs both tackle the other team. Only the player who is carrying the ball may be tackled.

Passing the Ball

The ball is passed from player to player to avoid to avoid the other team’s players

Scrums & Lineouts If the ball is ever or goes out of play (e.g. over the sideline) then there is a scrum or a lineout to put the ball back into play

Scrums A scrum is a formation of forwards in which each team is attempting to gain possession of the ball. The eight forwards from each team mass together in a crouched position and lock together. Each team, facing each other, binds together and attempts to kick the ball out of the back of their side of the scrum. The scrumhalf rolls the ball into the scrum so that the two teams can fight for the ball. Then after the ball exists the scrum the scrumhalf is able to pass the ball off to one of the members of the back line.

Scrums

Lineouts To form a lineout at least two forwards from each team line up, side-by-side, single file, perpendicular to the sideline. The two rows form a tunnel and the ball is thrown in from the side, down the tunnel.

Lineouts

Rucks A ruck occurs when a player carrying the ball is tackled to the ground. Opposing teams try to push each other away from the ball so that the scrumhalf can get the ball out and pass it down the line of backs.

Rucks

Mauls A maul is like a ruck except the ball carrier and the tackler remain standing and fight for the ball. Other teammates will join in and try to push the maul downfield and also try to strip the ball from the maul.

Mauls

Other Rules The ball must be passed backwards, never forward. The ball is not permitted to move forward off any part of a player's body. This is a knock-on. Tackles above the shoulders are illegal. This is considered a high tackle and is very dangerous. The ball cannot be played on the ground. When the ball carrier is grounded as a result of an opposing player, the grounded players may not touch the ball unless both feet are touching the ground. Kicking is permitted at any time in the game.

Cricket Traditionally, a leisurely game played on weekends during summer Has become an international sport (not so leisurely anymore) Played in England, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, India, Pakistan, West Indies

Cricket Bat Cricket Ball

There are 2 sets of stumps - 1 at each endof the wicket The wicket is meters long and 2.64 meters wide

Cricket Pitch Batsmen Bowler Fielders Umpire

The Basics Each team has 11 players 2 batsmen are “in” at any one time When all the batsmen on a team are “out”, it is the other team’s turn to bat Games can last from 1 to 5 days

1 “RUN” 2 “RUNS” The bowler “bowls” the ball at the batsman. If the batsman hits it far enough, he can decide to run to the other wicket. 1 run = 1 point

4 “RUNS” If the batsman hits the ball to the boundary (with bouncing), he scores 4 runs (without running)

6 “RUNS” If the batsman hits the ball to the boundary (without bouncing), he scores 6 runs (without running)

“BOWLED OUT” If the batsman misses the ball and it hits the wicket, he is “bowled out”

“CAUGHT OUT” If the batsman hits the ball and a fielder catches it (without bouncing), he is “caught out”

“OUT” If the batsman misses the ball and is standing past his crease, the wicket keeper can throw the ball at the wicket and the batsman is “out” (same as run out)

“RUN OUT” When the batsman is running, he can be “run out” if a fielder can throw the ball to the wicket before the batsman arrives

“Leg Before Wicket = OUT” If the batsman uses his leg to stop the ball hitting the wicket he is out LBW (leg before wicket)

“NO BALL” “NOT OUT” If the bowler steps over the line when he bowls, it is a “no ball” and the batter cannot be gotten out