From Bacteria to Plants Chapter 1.2/1.3 Classifying Organisms

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Presentation transcript:

From Bacteria to Plants Chapter 1.2/1.3 Classifying Organisms

Do You Classify Objects? How would you classify the items in this classroom? Why would it be important to classify things?

Why Do Scientists Classify? Classification: grouping things based on their similarities. organize living things so organisms are easier to study Taxonomy: The study of how living things are classified.

Using the Classification System Taxonomic Key Series of paired statements Describe the physical characteristics of different organisms

Ex: Lions, Pumas, Housecats Carolus Linnaeus placed organisms into groups based on observable features Named organisms with binomial nomenclature - a 2 part name 1st word: Genus similar organisms Ex: Types of Cats 2nd word: Species smaller groups Ex: Lions, Pumas, Housecats

Genus Species Example: Felis domesticus Types of Cats House Cat

The 8 Levels of Classification Aristotle and Linnaeus invented today’s classification system in this order: Domain (Broadest) Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species (Narrowest)

Charles Darwin’s Hypothesis: over time a species gradually changes- known as evolution Studied Finches Finches flew from South America to the Galapagos islands Adapted to the new environment Reproduced New generation changed slightly to survive in that environment Ex: different beaks 5. Finches changed to create new species

3 Domains of Life Organisms are placed in domains and kingdoms based on: Cell type Ability to make food Number of cells in their body Bacteria -Prokaryotes -No nucleus -Harmful-strep -Helpful-yogurt Archaea- -Prokaryotes -No nucleus -Different chemistry Eukarya- -Eukaryotes -Have nucleus -Protists -Fungi -Plants -Animals