America becomes a world power PowerPoint by Mr. Hataway Created 10/11/12

Bellringer: Think about the map of American Expansionism we created. How does America’s position in the Pacific Ocean change the power and trade opportunities for America? Spain

Cornell Notes: Instructional Statements Today, I will learn . . . What was the Economic impact of American Expansionism? I have learned it when I can . . . Explaining the significant events that were critical to moving the U.S. into the position of a world power.

Essential Question How does America’s position in the Pacific create power and trade opportunities for the United States? (Yes, this was the bellringer question. If you answered it, you most likely answered in simplistic form. Congrats. Now we will answer the question more concretely.)

America in Asia & Latin America US History Unit 04 Lesson 01

ASIA

Geography: America’s control of islands in the Pacific

China Spheres of Influence Areas in which each foreign country had sole rights to trade and invest in China (which was weak, political). European Nations and Japan took advantage of Chinese weakness.

SOURCE:http://regentsprep. org/Regents/global/themes/imperialism/china THESE AREAS OR SPHERES IN CHINA WERE UNDER THE CONTROL OF FOREIGN NATIONS. THIS REFLECTS CHINA’S WEAKNESS AND LACK OF INDUSTRIALIZATION. COMPARE JAPAN WITH CHINA AT THIS TIME. WHY WAS JAPAN NOT BEING CUT UP INTO SPHERES OF INFLUENCE. INDEED, JAPAN WAS ONE OF THE FOREIGN POWERS INTRUDING ON CHINAS SOVEREIGINTY.

China By 1899, many European countries and Japan had economic interests in China. The U.S. wanted to trade with China.

China Open Door Policy Sec. St. John Hay sent letter to other countries. Called for China remain independent; ports to remain open. No special trading rights. Other countries agreed.

OPEN DOOR POLICY OPEN DOOR POLICY, ALL NATIONS WOULD HAVE EQUAL TRADING RIGHTS IN CHINA, SECRETARY OF STATE JOHN HAY PROPOSED THIS IN 1899-1900 ASK STUDENTS TO EXPLAIN WHAT IS GOING ON IN THIS POLITICAL CARTOON.

Very Bad Joke!!! Cue the laughs now!!!!

China Boxer Rebellion Secret society started rebellion (1900). Foreign troops fought against the rebels, or Boxers. Sec. St. John Hay and British leaders persuaded European nations not to use the Boxer Rebellion as an excuse to partition China.

THE CHINESE PEOPLE REACT TO IMPERIALISM BOXER REBELLION, 1900 THE CHINESE PEOPLE REACT TO IMPERIALISM BOXER REBELLION, REVOLT OF CHINESE AGAINST FOREIGNERS IN CHINA IN 1900, U.S. AND OTHER NATIONS SENT TROOPS TO PUT THE REVOLT DOWN. Called “boxers” because most were martial artists and Westerners did not know what to call them. Boxer rebel BOXER SOLDIER

JAPAN ENTERS THE WORLD STAGE AS AN INDUSTRIAL/IMPERIALIST POWER JAPAN, JAPAN REMAINED ISOLATED FROM THE REST OF THE WORLD UNTIL 1850'S WHEN U.S. MATTHEW PERRY OPENED UP JAPAN

Japan In 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry arrived in Japan. Forced Isolationist Japan to open to commerce.

Japan Japan realized must adopt Western ways or be conquered. Scholars were sent abroad to study and within 50 years Japan was an industrial power.

Sino-Japanese war with china in 1894-1895 Japanese Imperialism Sino-Japanese war with china in 1894-1895 Russo-Japanese war with Russia in 1904-1905 RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR, 1904, JAPAN LAUNCHED A SNEAK ATTACK ON RUSSIA DEFEATING HER, T.R. ARRANGED A PEACE BETWEEN THE TWO NATIONS. THIS SURPRISED THE WORLD AS JAPAN HAD CUT HERSELF OFF FROM WORLD CONTACT UNTIL THE MID 1800’S. JAPAN HAD BEEN TECHNOLOGICALLY BACKWARD BUT CAUGHT UP WITH THE REST OF THE WORLD WITHIN 50 YEARS. GENTLEMEN'S AGREEMENT, 1907-1908 CONCERN OVER INCREASING JAPANESE IMMIGRATION TO THE US WAS THE BACKGROUND FOR RESTRICTING JAPANESE IMMIGRATION.

JAPAN ENTERS THE WORLD STAGE AS AN INDUSTRIAL/IMPERIALIST POWER RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR, 1904, JAPAN LAUNCHED A SNEAK ATTACK ON RUSSIA DEFEATING HER, T.R. ARRANGED A PEACE BETWEEN THE TWO NATIONS. THIS SURPRISED THE WORLD AS JAPAN HAD CUT HERSELF OFF FROM WORLD CONTACT UNTIL THE MID 1800’S. JAPAN HAD BEEN TECHNOLOGICALLY BACKWARD BUT CAUGHT UP WITH THE REST OF THE WORLD WITHIN 50 YEARS. GENTLEMEN'S AGREEMENT, 1907-1908 CONCERN OVER INCREASING JAPANESE IMMIGRATION TO THE US WAS THE BACKGROUND FOR RESTRICTING JAPANESE IMMIGRATION. Areas controlled by Japan in 1906 are shown in purple Japan’s modern warship

Japan Treaty of Portsmouth (1906) Ended the Russian- Japanese War Roosevelt received the Nobel Peace Prize

Bellringer / Review Question Write the question and your answer choice in full. Be prepared to change your answer if it is wrong. What is the theory behind the Sherman Antitrust Act? If a company has competition, it cannot raise rates at will leaving customers with no alternatives for purchases. If a company loses the trust of customers, it can fail without government help. If a company has an unfair trade advantage, it will reduce rates so customers will not go to the competition. All of these are theories behind the Sherman Antitrust act.

Cornell Notes: Instructional Statements Today, I will learn . . . What was the impact of physical and human geographic factors on the Panama Canal? What were the economic effects of the Spanish-American War? I have learned it when I can . . . Explaining the significant events that were critical to moving the U.S. into the position of a world power.

Essential Question How does America’s position in the Pacific create power and trade opportunities for the United States?

The Caribbean

U.S. Caribbean Interests U.S. needed to keep foreign powers out of the Caribbean to keep it secure. A canal in Central America was necessary to create easier access between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Caribbean region was a valuable market for American goods and investment, especially agricultural goods.

Puerto Rico American possession

Cuba Congress passed a resolution before the Spanish-American war NOT to annex Cuba. Platt Amendment – Cuba an American “protectorate”

Panama Canal Zone Pres. Roosevelt negotiated with Colombia to build the canal, Columbia refused. Negotiated with Panamanian rebels. Once Panama independent, signed treaty to build Panama Canal Zone.

Construction of the canal PANAMA CANAL, ONE OF THE GREAT ENGINEERING FEATS OF ALL TIME IT SHORTENED THE TRAVEL DISTANCE BETWEEN NEW YORK AND S.F. BY 8,000 MILES

BUILDING THE PANAMA CANAL

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT VISITS THE CANAL CONSTRUCTION SITE IN 1906 TR VISITS THE CANAL CONSTRUCTION SITE IN 1906

Building the Panama Canal - Challenges Ten years to complete; 1904 – 1914 Geography – different elevations Created series of locks designed by engineers to address this issue

Mira Flores, Panama The doors lock the canal.

Building the Panama Canal - Challenges Dr. Walter Reed mosquitoes spread yellow fever. Dr. William Gorgas (U.S. Army) discovered how to reduce the spread of yellow fever drained swamps, cut down vegetation, treated standing water with oil to prevent mosquito breeding

Panama Canal – Geographic Impact Copy all! Human Factors Physical Factors U.S. supported Panama Revolt. U.S. caused division of Colombia caused tension in the region. Jimmy Carter returns the Canal Zone to Panama in 1999. Canal Zone is a 48 mile international waterway. The canal saves about 8,000 miles off the route from Atlantic to Pacific Ocean.

Panama Canal

Panama Canal

Panama Canal

Presidential Policy in the Caribbean

President Roosevelt's Big Stick Diplomacy Roosevelt Corollary Took Monroe Doctrine, (U.S. would not allow European influence in Western Hemisphere), once step further. Now, U.S. was giving itself the right to intervene in Latin American countries to protect U.S. business interests. President Theodore Roosevelt

MONROE DOCTRINE, ISSUED BY PRESIDENT MONROE IN 1823, IT FORBADE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW COLONIES IN THE AMERICAS VENEZUELA CRISIS, TWO DISPUTES BETWEEN BRITAIN AND VENEZUELA AND LATER SEVERAL NATIONS AND VENEZUELA, THE U.S. STEPPED IN AND WE WERE SEEN AS A POWER IN THE REGION ROOSEVELT COROLLARY, TR ADDED THIS TO THE MONROE DOCTRINE STATING THAT THE US COULD INTERVENE (BECOME INVOLVED) WHEN THE STABILITY OF ANY LATIN AMERICAN NATION WAS IN QUESTION

WHAT INTERNATIONAL ROLE DID ROOSEVELT ENVISION FOR THE UNITED STATES? TR AS A POLICE OFFICER USING THE “BIG STICK” ON CENTRAL AMERICAN NATIONS.

President Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy Encouraged American investment in the Caribbean. In 1911, sent U.S. Marines to collect debts in Latin America to countries struggling to repay American loans Nicaragua President William Howard Taft

President Wilson’s Watchful Waiting Sent troops to Haiti, Nicaragua, and the Dominican Republic to protect American interests Purchased the Virgin Islands – expanding colonial empire Sent General John J. Pershing to lead an American Expeditionary Force to Mexico to put down rebel troops led by Pancho Villa President Woodrow Wilson

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