Cells Review Questions

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Presentation transcript:

Cells Review Questions

What is the function of the nucleus? Organelles #1 What is the function of the nucleus? Answer: Store DNA and control the cell

Which cell organelle packages proteins and sends them out of the cell? Organelles #2 Which cell organelle packages proteins and sends them out of the cell? Answer: the Golgi Apparatus

Which organelle modifies proteins and sends them through the cell? Organelles #3 Which organelle modifies proteins and sends them through the cell? Answer: the Endoplasmic Reticulum

Organelles #4 Which organelles make proteins? and Where can you find them (2 places)? Answer: the ribosomes, attached to the rough ER or floating around the cell

What is the function of the mitochondria? Organelles #5 What is the function of the mitochondria? Answer: to supply chemical energy (ATP) to the cell

What does the first reaction in photosynthesis require? Answer: light energy (light-dependent reaction)

What is the product of photosynthesis? Answer: sugar (glucose)

Which organelle does photosynthesis? Answer: the Chloroplasts

Which type of cells can do photosynthesis? Answer: plant cells

What does a plant need to take in to do photosynthesis? Answer: carbon dioxide and water

Cellular Respiration #1 Which organelle gets energy for the cell? Answer: the Mitochondria

Cellular Respiration #2 What type of energy molecules does cellular respiration produce? Answer: ATP

Cellular Respiration #3 What type of sugar do mitochondria break down to make ATP? Answer: Glucose

Cellular Respiration #4 Does the Kreb’s Cycle require oxygen to happen? (Is it aerobic?) Answer: yes

Cellular Respiration #5 Which process happens when there is no oxygen in the cell? (Anaerobic) Answer: Fermentation

Osmosis and Membranes #1 The cell membrane allows small molecules, like water and oxygen, to pass through it. Other molecules are blocked. What is this type of membrane called? Answer: Semi-permeable

Osmosis and Membranes #2 Which type of macromolecule makes up membranes? Answer: Phospholipids (lipids)

Osmosis and Membranes #3 The process of water moving through a membrane to balance concentrations is called… Answer: Osmosis

Osmosis and Membranes #4 What would happen to a cell full of fresh water if we put it in salt water? Answer: the water would go out of the cell and the cell would shrink

Osmosis and Membranes #5 Which types of cells have membranes? Answer: Both plant and animal cells (plants also have cell walls)

Mitosis and Meiosis #1 Which process do cells go through to make an identical copy of themselves? Answer: mitosis

What do we call the daughter cells produced through meiosis? Mitosis and Meiosis #2 What do we call the daughter cells produced through meiosis? Answer: gametes or sex cells

Mitosis and Meiosis #3 What do we call cells that have a two copies of each chromosome? (46 in humans) Answer: diploid

How many chromosomes are there in a haploid human cell? Mitosis and Meiosis #4 How many chromosomes are there in a haploid human cell? Answer: 23

Mitosis and Meiosis #5 In mitosis and meiosis, how many times does the DNA replicate and how many times does the cell divide? Answer: Mitosis – replicates once, divides once Meiosis – replicates once, divides twice