What is matter? Bellwork: Put a check next to each item on the sheet that you believe to be matter.

Notes

How to Measure MASS MASS – the amount of MATTER in an object; measured in grams (gm) Triple Beam Balance

Mass- digital scale

How to Measure VOLUME Graduated Cylinder (Liquid Volume) – The amount or liquid; measured in milliliters (ml) Graduated Cylinder

A meniscus is the curve of the surface of the water in a graduated cylinder. Water "sticks" to the walls of the graduated cylinder, but only on the sides and not the middle.  When you look at the surface, the water level is not straight – it’s curved like a smile. 

Measurement should be at the BOTTOM of the meniscus. Read the meniscus at eye level in to get an accurate reading. Read the meniscus at eye level. Read the volume here

Volume of a regular solid object To measure the volume of a regular solid object (a cube or rectangular object), you multiply its length, width, and height.

Volume of an Irregular Object The volume of an irregular object can be found by measuring displaced water in a graduated cylinder.

Notes Volume – the amount of space that matter takes up. Of a liquid – measure in a beaker or g.c. Of a regular solid – L x W x H Of an irregular object – displacement in a g.c.

Density Density – the amount of matter in a given space. Which is more dense a golf ball or table tennis ball? Why? How do their volumes compare? Their masses?

Density Density = Mass Volume

Density can help identify a substance

Physical Properties (Fill in Spider) Ways to physically describe matter: density physical state (solid, liquid or gas at certain temperatures and pressures) color odor solubility in water (the ability of substance to dissolve in water)

Some more examples of physical properties are: melting point boiling point hardness malleability conductivity

Chemical Property A chemical property describes an object/substances’ ability to change into something new. FLAMMABILITY REACTIVITY

Some examples of chemical properties are: paper burns iron rusts gold does not rust wood rots nitrogen does not burn silver does not react with water sodium reacts with water

In each of these, the substance's chemical property is its tendency to: react tarnish corrode explode

Physical vs. Chemical Properties Wood Physical Property: Grainy texture Chemical Property: Flammable

Physical vs. Chemical Properties Baking Soda Physical Property: White powder Chemical Property: Reacts with vinegar to produce bubbles

Physical vs. Chemical Properties Iron Physical Property: Malleable (able to be shaped) Chemical Property: Reacts with oxygen to form rust

DRAW IN NOTEBOOK Physical Chemical Wood Bike Gasoline Penny Mentos

Physical and Chemical Changes Same or Different

Physical Change Changes only the physical property of the substance An example of a physical change occurs when making a baseball bat. Wood is carefully crafted into a shape which will allow a batter to best apply force on the ball. Even though the wood has changed shape and therefore physical properties, the chemical nature of the wood has not been altered. The bat and the original piece of wood are still the same chemical substance.

Ice melting: an example of physical change The material itself is the same before and after the change. The change CAN be “undone.” Ice melting: an example of physical change                                                              Ice melting: an example of physical change

Chemical Change Occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely NEW substances They have different properties from the original substance Some signs (or evidence) of chemical change are: a gas is produced, the temperature changes, a substance disappears, a solid is formed a color change occurs, a new odor is produced.

Examples of Physical and Chemical Changes Physical Changes Chemical Changes Aluminum foil is cut in half. Milk goes sour. Clay is molded into a new shape. Jewelry tarnishes. Butter melts on warm toast. Toast is burnt Water evaporates from the surface of the ocean. Rust forms on a nail left outside. A juice box in the freezer freezes. Gasoline is ignited. Rubbing alcohol evaporates on your hand. Hydrogen peroxide bubbles in a cut.  A stick is broke in two. Food scraps are turned into compost in a compost pile.  A window is shattered. A match is lit.  A car is wrecked You take an antacid to settle your stomach.  Hair is cut Your body digests food.  

More examples http://jcschools.net/write/sci/physchem_files/frame.htm

Summing it Up Physical Change: Chemical Change: The matter is the same. The original matter can be recovered. The particles of the substance are rearranged. Chemical Change: The matter is different. The old matter is no longer present. The original matter cannot be recovered.

Physical or Chemical Change? How do you know? (Fill in the sheet on page 66 for these examples)

Physical or Chemical Change? Burnt Toast http://images.jupiterimages.com/common/detail/64/10/23051064.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? the process cannot be undone the toast it burnt http://images.jupiterimages.com/common/detail/64/10/23051064.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? Vinegar and Baking Soda http://www.teachertube.com/view_video.php?viewkey=c7045675cf3c09dc71d6 http://www.andybrain.com/sciencelab/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/vinegar-and-baking-soda-after.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? the process cannot be undone A gas is produced http://www.teachertube.com/view_video.php?viewkey=c7045675cf3c09dc71d6 http://www.andybrain.com/sciencelab/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/vinegar-and-baking-soda-after.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? Ice Melting http://www.uniongas.com/images/300px_meltingIce.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? the process can be undone hasn’t changed the chemicals still H2O http://www.uniongas.com/images/300px_meltingIce.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? Glowsticks http://www.jthexport.co.uk/6inch_opt.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? the process cannot be undone energy is given off in the form of light http://www.jthexport.co.uk/6inch_opt.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? Bleach on Construction Paper http://www.artsonia.com/museum/art.asp?id=67132&exhibit=11155&gallery=y

Physical or Chemical Change? the process cannot be undone a substance disappears (color) color change occurs http://www.artsonia.com/museum/art.asp?id=67132&exhibit=11155&gallery=y

Physical or Chemical Change? Apples turn brown http://www.biologyhuman.com/files/page5_blog_entry35_1.png

Physical or Chemical Change? the process cannot be undone color change occurs http://www.biologyhuman.com/files/page5_blog_entry35_1.png

Physical or Chemical Change? Alka-Seltzer and Water

Physical or Chemical Change? the process cannot be undone a gas is produced a substance disappears

Physical or Chemical Change? Tarnished Penny http://www.imaheatfan.com/catalog/36_1_b.JPG

Physical or Chemical Change? the process cannot be undone a color change occurs http://www.imaheatfan.com/catalog/36_1_b.JPG

Physical or Chemical Change? Broken Pencil http://www.oakworks.com/Oakworks-information/broken.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? the process can be undone hasn’t changed the chemicals http://www.oakworks.com/Oakworks-information/broken.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? Burned Paper http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/AAexhibit/burnedpaper.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? the process cannot be undone a substance has disappeared a gas is produced a color change occurs http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/AAexhibit/burnedpaper.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? Burning Candle http://www.virtual-meditation.com/files/1923950/uploaded/Candle.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? the process cannot be undone a substance has disappeared heat is produced a color change occurs http://www.virtual-meditation.com/files/1923950/uploaded/Candle.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? Torn Paper http://www.sxc.hu/pic/m/n/n_/n_yfe/256011_torn_paper.jpg

Physical or Chemical Change? the process can be undone hasn’t changed the chemicals http://www.sxc.hu/pic/m/n/n_/n_yfe/256011_torn_paper.jpg