1. The Properties of Matter
Lessons 1-3

2. Question…
What do we have in common with a toaster, bowl of hot soup and a glowing neon sign?

3. Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space

4. Volume
The amount of space taken up or occupied by an object

5. Measuring Liquid Volume
Graduated cylinder mL
Meniscus: curve at a liquid’s surface
to measure volume

6. Meniscus

7. Volume of Solid
Volume = length x width x height

8. Volume of Irregular Solid
How much does the object displace?

10. Mass vs. Weight Measure of the amount of matter in an object
Used with a balance
Expressed in Grams (g), kilograms (kg)
Measure of the gravitational force of an object, value can change depending on the location of the universe
Used with a spring scale
Measured in Newtons (N)

11. Physical Properties
property of a substance that can be observed without changing the identity of a substance, no chemical change

12. Examples of Physical Properties
Color, Shape, Odor, Texture, Hardness, Elasticity, Malleability, Solubility, Tensile Strength, Brittleness, Density, Thermal Conductivity, State of Matter, Mass, Weight, Volume, Cohesion, Adhesion, Surface Tension, Magnetism

13. Solubility The ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance
Example:
Flavored drink mix

14. Malleability
The ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets
Example: aluminum foil

15. Cohesion Attraction between particles of the same substance Examples:
Water droplets on desk
Water drops on a penny

16. Adhesion Attraction between particles of different substances
Examples:
Pour water out of beaker
Petri sticks to window
String and water

17. Surface Tension
Tendency of a liquid to form a skin at the surface (caused by cohesion)
Example:
Steel paper clip on water

18. Density
The ratio of mass of a substance to the volume of the substance
Density = mass/volume
D = m/V

21. Magic Triangle

22. Sample Problem
What is the density of an object whose mass is 25 g and whose volume is 10 cm3 ?

23. Sample Problem 2
A block of pine wood has a mass of 120 g and a volume of 300cm3 . What is the density of the wood? Will this block of wood float in a pool of water? Why or why not?

24. Physical Change
Change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties
Examples: ice cube to water,
melted butter

25. Questions to Ask Yourself
Is it still __________?
Does it have the same properties?
Can it be easily reversed?

26. Chemical Properties
Property of matter that describes a substances ability to participate in chemical reactions
Example: Wood burned creates smoke and ashes

27. Chemical Properties Flammability: ability of a substance to burn
Reactivity:
ability of two or more substances to combine to form one or more new substances

28. Physical vs. Chemical Flammability: Rubbing alcohol burns easily
State: Rubbing Alcohol is a clear liquid at room temperature
Flammability: Rubbing alcohol burns easily

29. Physical vs. Chemical Shape: bending an iron nail
Reactivity with Oxygen: iron oxide or rust forms

30. Chemical Change
Change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties

31. Signs of Chemical Change
Change in color or odor
Production of heat
Fizzing, foaming, bubbling (Effervescent)
Sound or light given off

32. Reversal of Changes
Physical: many are easily reversed (melting ice cube)
Chemical: not easily reversed (fireworks exploding)

33. Law of Conservation of Mass
Matter is not created or destroyed but is transformed into other substances