Day One Scene of the Crime

History Lab Day 1 Objective: We will analyze the “crime scene” in order to identify the possible suspects and motives behind the crime. Agenda… 1.Breaking down the Crime Scene 2.Crime Scene Analysis 3.Introduction to lab question

Breaking Down the Crime Scene: Quadrant 1

Breaking Down the Crime Scene: Quadrant 2

Breaking Down the Crime Scene: Quadrant 3

Breaking Down the Crime Scene: Quadrant 4

Breaking Down the Crime Scene Art by Chelsea Geiger, Artseaink.com, based on Battle at Concord. Digital services by Elements Designing Interiors.

History Lab Day One Key Question: What incidents and events led to armed conflict in Colonial America? We need to… – Examine the Suspects – Determine the Motive – Analyze the Evidence

The Suspects French English Colonists Native Americans What is the common motive among the groups? Which group has the most to gain? Which group has the most to lose?

Motive What was the issue between the French and the English? How were the Native Americans involved? Treaty of Paris: – French surrender of claims in Canada – Land East of the Mississippi River – Proclamation Line of 1763

What are major problems facing England after the French & Indian War? Explain how the Proclamation Line of 1763 would benefit England.

Day Two, Three, & Four Digging Deeper

History Lab Day 2, 3, & 4 Objective: We will analyze primary source evidence in order to build a case against the suspects of the crime. Agenda… 1.Review Crime, Suspects, & Motive 2.Review Proclamation of View the Evidence

Building a Case File Looking at the Evidence – Directions: Work with your fellow detectives gathering information on each piece of evidence. As you work make sure to answer the following questions to gather as much information for the case that you are building. Reminder: As a detective your job is to gather and examine evidence to build your case. If you miss important details your case may go unsolved.

Evidence Packet Evidence A – Sugar Act Evidence B – Quartering Act Evidence C- Stamp Act Evidence D- The Townshend Act Evidence E- Tea Act Evidence F –Coercive/Intolerable Acts – Section A- Boston Port Act – Section B- MA Government Act and Justice Act – Section C- Quebec Act

Getting closer to understanding the crime?

Parliamentary Acts: A Summary Proclamation of 1763 Sugar Act Quartering Act Stamp Act Townshend Act Tea Act Coercive/Intolerable Act – Parts A, B, & C

Proclamation of 1763 Prohibited the colonists from moving West past the Appalachian Mountains.

Sugar Act, 1764 Tax on sugar, molasses, and other products. Strained colonial importing & the economy within the colonies

Quartering Act, 1765 Required colonists to provide food and housing for British troops stationed in the colonies.

Stamp Act, 1765 Required all legal documents to carry an official “stamp” showing tax paid: – Newspaper – Diplomas – Letters

Townshend Acts, 1767 Parliament suspended NY representative assembly until they Quartered troops. Tax on imported items (luxury): glass, paper, paint, lead and tea Writs of Assistance: “search warrants” – British soldiers in colonies could search for smuggled goods.

Tea Act Tax on imported tea from British East India Company – gave England a monopoly on tea importing to the colonies.

Coercive/Intolerable Act, 1774 Direct response to colonial reactions – Disciplinary act – Closed port of Boston until cost of destroyed tea was repaid – British officials being tried of a crime were tried in England – Reinforcement of the Quartering Act – Some land won during the French and Indian War created the province of Quebec

So far… Review the material you have gathered from the various primary and secondary sources on British Parliamentary Actions. Create three questions you have from the sources you have examined. These could be about the specific Acts, the reasons why Parliament may have passed the Act, impact on the colonists and the possible reactions of the colonists.

Day Five Simulation

History Lab Day 5 Objective: We will identify and assess colonial reactions to British taxation in the years leading up to the scene of the crime. Agenda… 1.Review the Evidence 2.Simulation - Colonial Reactions

The King’s M &Ms We are going to recreate British taxation by having a “King” and “Parliament” assign taxes to a group of “colonists.” Colonists will need to pay the taxes that apply to them with their own currency (M &Ms® candies).

Tar and Feathering The Bostonians Paying the Excise-Man, or Tarring and Feathering, attributed to Philip Dawe, 1774, in the Colonial Williamsburg collection.

Day Six and Seven Colonial Reactions and Incidents

History Lab Day 6 and 7 Objective: We will examine emotions of the era in order to build a case against the suspects of the crime. Agenda… 1.Review Simulation 2.What do we know so far about our crime scene? 3.Colonial Reactions – Boston Massacre

What do we know so far? 1.Who are the four suspects in our case? Have we narrowed this down? 2.What was the cause of the French and Indian War? 3.Name one condition of the Proclamation Line of Why did King George III decide to tax the colonists? 5.Name one act imposed by the Parliament. Give some information about it.

What do we know about the Boston Massacre?

Document A: Example The Boston Massacre "Document A: Captain Thomas Preston's Account of the Boston Massacre” (13 march 1770) On a freezing March day in 1770, one of the king's soldiers was looking for work to earn some extra money. Someone started making fun of him and told him to get a job cleaning toilets [...] One thing led to another and there was a fight. That started things. Soon a noisy, jeering group of mischief-makers gathered in front of the Boston Customs House. They began pushing and shoving and throwing stones and pieces of ice at the British sentry. He got knocked down and he called for help. Captain Thomas Preston came to the rescue with eight British soldiers. There is some confusion about what happened next. The mob is said to have taunted the redcoats yelling, "Fire! Fire!" Captain Preston is said to have yelled, "Hold your fire!" Then the British soldier was hit with a big stick. He said he heard the word, "fire," so fired his gun into the crowd. The street gang moved forward; the redcoats panicked and fired at unarmed people. Five Americans died; seven were wounded. None of them was a hero. The victims were troublemakers who got worse than they deserved. The soldiers were professionals...who shouldn't have panicked. The whole thing shouldn't have happened. From Hakim, J. (1993). From Colonies to Country (pp.64-65). New York: Oxford University Press.

John Adams Would you have chosen to defend the British soldiers in court for their actions during the Boston Massacre?

Further Scene Investigations Boston Tea Party 1 st Continental Congress The Battle of Lexington

Day 8 and 9 Cracking the Case

History Lab Day 6 and 7 Objective: We will analyze the events that led to conflict in Colonial America. Agenda… 1.Review Colonial Reactions and Incidents 2.Recipe for Conflict 3.Solving the Case

Key Question What incidents and events led to armed conflict in Colonial America?

Recipe for Conflict

Many historians site different events as the start of the American Revolution. “March 5, 1770…what’s about to happen will change America forever….This is how war starts.” Do you agree or disagree with the statement from the History Channel’s America: The Story of US series? Use details and examples from the evidence files to support your response.

Assessment From the years there were many areas of discontent between the King George III and the Colonists in North America. Armed conflict erupted at Lexington and Concord, which were the first actions of the American Revolution, with the colonists seeking independence from the British crown. “…The sword is now unsheathed (drawn), and our friends are slaughtered by cruel enemies. Expresses (messengers) are hastening from town to town, in all directions through the country…rousing people To Arms! To Arms.” (Quoted in the Military Journal of the American Revolution, 1775.) War now seems inevitable, but this question remains… Who was most responsible (the British or American colonists) for moving these two groups towards armed conflict and could this conflict have been avoided? Support your argument with facts from the History Lab!