1. Unit 2 Foundations of American Govt
Colonial Tensions

2. Seeds of Revolution

3. Navigation Acts: 1660 Colonies could ONLY trade their goods to England
Created a FAVORABLE BALANCE OF TRADE for England.
England is Exporting (sell) more goods than it is importing (buy)
Mercantilism – Making money for the mother country.
How would this contribute to the forming of colonies?

4. Triangle Trade Route

5. French & Indian War:
War between the British & French over control of the colonies

6. FRENCH & INDIAN WAR MAPS
BEFORE AFTER

7. Salutary Neglect
F & I war: started a period of time of self govt in the Colonies
England was so concerned with the war that they left the colonies alone to govern themselves.
They did not try to regain control until after the war was over.

8. Post F&I War

9. The Proclamation of 1763: British passed this law that
prohibited Colonists from moving
west of the Appalachian Mountains into
French territory.
GB needed to find a way to pay for the FI War
The red line is the Proclamation line

10. REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD
Period in the Americas between the late 1750’s & the mid 1770’s. This period led to the Declaration of Independence & the Revolutionary War.

11. CAUSES OF THE REVOLUTION
Navigation Acts (1660)
Proclamation Line (Act) (1763)
Sugar Act (1764)
Stamp Act (1765)
Quartering Act (1765)
Townshend Acts (1767)
Writs of Assistance
Boston Massacre (1770)
Tea Act (1773)
Coercive (Intolerable) Acts (1774)
Battles of Lexington & Concord (Massachusetts)
COLONIAL OPPOSITION
Albany Plan of Union (1754)
Sons of Liberty – Stamp Act
Stamp Act Congress
Boston Tea Party
Thomas Paine – Common Sense
COLONIAL SOLUTUIONS
1st Continental Congress – drafted letter to King & Parliament demanding rights be restored.
2nd Continental Congress – DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

12. Sugar Act: 1764
colonial merchants were required to pay a tax per gallon on imported foreign sugar & molasses

13. Stamp Act: 1765 Tax on ALL materials printed on paper
All printed goods had to have a special stamp on it
Colonists response to tax: cried “no taxation without representation” (in Parliament)
Stamp Act seemed to hurt the freedom of speech
(newspapers, pamphlets, cards etc.)‏

14. Quartering Act: 1765
Under this act, if asked, colonists were required by law to provide temporary housing & food to British soldiers.
The colonists considered this an invasion of their privacy

15. Townshed Acts: 1767
Tax on glass, paint, oil, lead, paper & tea

16. Writs of Assistance
Blanket searches that allowed soldiers to search whatever, whenever they wanted

17. Boston Massacre 1770
By the late 1700’s the British government was very alarmed by colonial protests.
Britain sent regiments of soldiers to keep order.
Colonists provoked a British regiment, & they killed five colonists.
As word spread through the colonies, it became known as the Boston Massacre, a violent confrontation between British soldiers & colonists.

18. Boston Massacre

19. Tea Act: 1773
Tax on tea that was designed to prop up the East India Company (chief tea import company in VA) & was burdened with eighteen million pounds of unsold tea

20. Boston Tea Party: 1773
Members of Sons of liberty disguised as American Indians boarded British ships in Boston & dumped their tea in the harbor to protest the tea tax.
What is a Protest? What are some different types of protest?

21. Picture of Boston Tea Party in 1773

22. Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts): 1774
Passed to punish the colonists for the Boston tea party.
Closed the Boston harbor
Made colonists pay back the lost tea
Implemented the quartering Act
Stopped town meetings
Why town meetings?

23. First Continental Congress: 1774
Appealed to the King about the taxation & lack of representation

24. Second Continental Congress: 1775
Drafted the Declaration of Independence

25. 13 Colonies in 1776

26. Declaration of Independence
Signed July 4, 1776
Explained why the American Colonies were separating from Great Britain
Listed many abuses the colonies suffered under the British king
John Hancock of Massachusetts was the first to put his name down. He did it with a big, bold signature, "so the king doesn't have to put his glasses on," he said.
56 men signed their names on the Declaration of Independence.

27. 4 parts of Declaration of Independence
1. Preamble (purpose) Introduction Explanation of Separation from England 2. Declaration of Rights General theories of Government People are born with Natural Rights Origin of government was a social contract 3. Grievances **Largest Section Charges against King George III 4. Declaration of Independence Goal was to preserve peace, but forced towards independence
What is meant by Grievances?

29. Common Sense: 1776
Written by Thomas Paine arguing it was “common sense” to fight for independence

30. United States in 1783

31. Lexington & Concord: 1775 “shot heard round the world”
1st battles of the Revolutionary War

32. Yorktown: 1781
Last battle of Revolutionary War

33. Treaty of Paris (1783) United States gains Independence
British troops to leave US soil
United States gains land to the Mississippi River