BATTLES OF THE CIVIL WAR

Battle of Fort Sumter  1 st official battle  Confederates starved out Union  Lincoln responded with supplies

Anaconda Plan  Union Army’s plan to blockade Southern ports

BULL RUN

When and Where  Manassas, Virginia  July 21, 1861

Major Generals  Union: General Irvin McDowell  Confederate: General Thomas(Stonewall ) Jackson

Interesting Facts and Outcome  First major battle  Thought it would be an easy victory for Union  Wanted to take Richmond  Where Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson got his nickname  Confederates Win Facts Outcome

BATTLE OF THE IRONCLADS

When and Where  Hampton Roads, Virginia coast  March, 1862

Major Generals  Union: John Worden  Confederate: Franklin Buchanan

Interesting Facts and Outcome  Warships protected with iron plates  Union: Monitor-fought to keep Confederates away from the Mississippi  Confederate: Merrimack- fought against Union blockades  Inconclusive Facts Outcome

ANTIETAM

When and Where  Sharpsburg, Maryland  Sept. 17, 1862

Major Generals  Union: General George McClellan  Confederate: General Robert E. Lee

The Battle of Antietam  Facts:  Battle is known as the bloodiest day in Military history  Lincoln wrote the Emancipation Proclamation after this battle.  The outcome was undetermined, though the Union declared victory because Lee’s troops retreated. Facts Outcome

SHILOH

When and Where  Corinth, Mississippi  April 6, 1862

Major Generals  Union: Ulysses S. Grant  Confederate: Albert S. Johnston

Interesting Facts and Outcome  Also called the Battle of Pittsburg landing.  First day of slaughter also witnessed the death of the confederate leader General Johnston.  Union Victory Facts Outcome

FREDERICKSBURG

When and Where  Fredericksburg, Virginia  December 13, 1862

Major Generals  Union: General Ambrose Burnside  Confederate: General Robert E. Lee

Interesting Facts and Outcome  Union attempt to cross the Rappahannock River into the town.  The South defended the town from a large hill.  Not a major victory because the South was low on supplies and soldiers.  Confederates victory Facts Outcome

CHANCELLORSVILLE

When and Where  Chancellorsville, Virginia  May 1, 1863

Major Generals  Union: General Joseph Hooker  Confederate: General Robert E. Lee

Interesting Facts and Outcome  Lee’s greatest victory  “Stonewall” Jackson got shot and never fought in the civil war again  Total forces engaged was 154,734 and 24,000 died  Confederate Victory Facts Outcome

GETTYSBURG

When and Where  Gettysburg, Pennsylvania  July 1-3, 1863

Major Generals  Union: General George Meade  Confederate: General Robert E. Lee

Interesting Facts and Outcome  Southern soldiers looked for shoes.  General Pickett for the Confederates led “Pickett’s charge” killing 7,500 soldiers  Both sides suffered severe casualties but the Union won Facts Outcome

SIEGE OF VICKSBURG

When and Where  Vicksburg, Mississippi  Late May, 1863

Major Generals  Union: Ulysses S. Grant  Confederate: General John Pemberton

Interesting Facts and Outcome  Facts: -Goal: to take over Mississippi River -Hid in caves from Union. -Ate shoe leather and rats  Union victory Facts Outcome

SHERMAN’S MARCH TO THE SEA

When and Where  From Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia  Sept 2, 1864

Major Generals  Union: William Tecumseh Sherman  Confederate: General Joseph Johnson (later replaced by James Hood)

Interesting Facts and Outcome  Destroyed everything in their path, and killed live stock or “scorched earth policy”.  Sherman wanted to destroy the confederates plans to the war.  Union Facts Outcome

Surrender at Appomattox  March of 1865 General Grant’s army waited outside Petersburg for chance to attack Southern capital of Richmond  In Lincoln’s second Inaugural Address in 1865, Lincoln asked Americans to forgive the Confederates  “With malice towards none; charity for all;…let us strive together…to bind up the nation’s wounds.”

 April 2, 1865 Grant broke through Confederate lines and took Richmond  Lee’s army retreated to town of Appomattox court house and surrendered

 Civil War was bloodiest conflict U.S. has ever fought  260,000 Confederate soldiers killed  Over 360,000 Union soldiers killed  About 500,000 wounded