1. Key Battles
Open Notebooks to page 48!

2. Fort Sumter April 12, 1861 Leaders: North & South
North = Major Anderson
South = General Beauregard
Set-Up:
Location, Strategy, or Geography
Charleston Harbor, South Carolina
Island fort
Bombardment of the fort
Casualties:
No casualties
Final Outcome
Northern troops surrendered
South Won the Fort

3. Fort Sumter Video

4. First Battle of Bull Run July 21, 1861
Leaders:
North & South
North = General McDowell
South = Stonewall Jackson, General Beauregard
Set-Up:
Location, Strategy, or Geography
Manassas, Virginia
Union troops were poorly trained
Citizens watched from the sidelines
Casualties:
North = 2,700
South = 2,000
Final Outcome
South won – showed war would be long and bloody.

5. Battle of Bull Run

6. Hampton Roads-Monitor v. Merrimack March/April, 1862
Leaders:
North & South
None mentioned.
Set-Up:
Location, Strategy, or Geography
Off the coast of Norfolk, Virginia
Ships plated with iron attacked each other
Casualties:
Neither ship was seriously damaged.
Final Outcome
No clear winner
Changed Naval warfare forever

7. The War at Sea

8. Battle of Shiloh April 6-7, 1862
One of the bloodiest battles of the war
Grant & Union forces were surprised by a Confederate attack
Reinforcements arrived to help Grant – Pushed back Confederates
Won greater control of Mississippi Valley

10. Battle of Shiloh April 6-7, 1862
Leaders:
North & South
North = General Grant, General Sherman
South = General Johnston & General Beauregard
Set-Up:
Location, Strategy, or Geography
Shiloh Church, Tennessee
Confederates launched surprise attack
Near Mississippi R.
Casualties:
North = over 13,000 dead
South = over 10,000 dead
Final Outcome
Union won
One of the bloodiest battles

11. Battle of Shiloh Video

12. Battle of Antietam Sept. 17, 1862
Leaders:
North & South
North = General McClellan
South = General Lee
Set-Up:
Location, Strategy, or Geography
Sharpsburg, Maryland
Lee was hoping for a Confederate victory in the North.
Casualties:
Over 23,000
Final Outcome
North stopped the Confederates from advancing (North considered it a victory)
Lincoln passed Emancipation Proclamation (Freed Slaves in Southern states)

13. Battle of Antietam

14. Battle of Fredericksburg December 1862
Leaders:
North & South
North = General Burnside
South = General Lee
Set-Up:
Location, Strategy, or Geography
Richmond, VA
Union hoped to capture Richmond
Confederates withdrew to a nearby hill – Union forces charged up the hill and were shot down 6 times.
Casualties:
Union: 13,000
Confederate: 5,300
Final Outcome
Union had to retreat, suffered another defeat. (Confederates won.)

15. Battle of Fredericksburg

16. Battle of Chancellorsville May 18, 1863
Leaders:
North & South
North = General Hooker
South = General Lee & General Jackson
Set-Up:
Location, Strategy, or Geography
Confederates attack Union forces in Virginia.
Casualties:
Union: 18,400
Confederate: 13,000
Stonewall Jackson was shot by friendly fire.
Final Outcome
Union lost and had to retreat. (Confederate victory)

17. Battle of Chancellorsville

18. Battle of Vicksburg Ended July 4, 1863
Leaders:
North & South
North = General Grant
South = General Pemberton
Set-Up:
Location, Strategy, or Geography
Vicksburg, Mississippi
Union surrounded city for 6 weeks
Siege = surrounding enemy
Casualties:
Union – over 10,000
Confederates – over 9,000
Final Outcome
Union won – Gained control of Mississippi
River – Split South in 2
Grant put as General-in-chief of Union

19. Battle of Vicksburg Ended July 4, 1863 6 week siege of Vicksburg
Confederate forces were surrounded – supplies ran out – forced to eat horses, dogs, and cats. 
Confederates surrendered to General Grant
Union gained full control of the Mississippi River

20. Battle of Vicksburg July 4, 1863 - another Union victory - VICKSBURG
Won by U.S. Grant, cut South in 1/2 and gave the Union control of Mississippi River
Grant was then given control of all Union armies  began a "scorched earth" policy to defeat the South
What ships were used during Vicksburg?
What do you think a scorched earth policy
is or would consist of?

21. Battle of Vicksburg Video

22. Battle of Gettysburg July 1-3, 1863
Leaders:
North & South
South = General Lee & General Pickett
Set-Up:
Location, Strategy, or Geography
Gettysburg, PA
Lee hoped to invade the North, mistakenly came upon Union troops.
Pickett’s Charge – Confederate last effort charge to gain victory
Casualties:
Union – 23,000
Confederates – 28,000
Final Outcome
Union won. Turning point of the war.
Gettysburg Address – speech given by Lincoln honoring the dead

23. Battle of Gettysburg July 1-3, 1863
Lee realized that it was crucial to attack the North.
July 1-3, BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG - in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
The two sides met on accident and started to wage war.
On July 3, General Pickett led 15,000 Confed. Troops across open fields - Union mowed them down (= "Pickett’s Charge")
Lee was defeated and retreated to Virginia.
Over 100,000 people died in 3 days It was the last time the South invaded the North.

24. Battle of Gettysburg Video

25. Battle of Atlanta July 22, 1864 Leaders: North & South
North = General Sherman
South = General Hood
Set-Up:
Location, Strategy, or Geography
Atlanta, Georgia
Union surrounded city & wore down Confederates.
Casualties:
Union – over 3,600
Confederates – over 8,400
Final Outcome
Union won – showed that the end of the war was in sight.

26. Battle of Atlanta Video

27. Turn to page 54 in your SS Notebook
Label the top of the page Sherman’s March to the Sea and Surrender
You’ll be taking notes on Sherman’s March to the Sea, Richmond Falls and Surrender at Appomattox on this page!

28. Sherman’s March to the Sea
Union General Sherman was given the task of taking Atlanta; his “March to the Sea" saw total destruction (total war) from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia
He used a scorched earth approach to cause mass devastation of Southern crops, towns, goods, and railways.
*Why would you want to burn your enemy’s crops and railroads?

35. Sherman’s March to the Sea Picture Analysis
What devastation was brought on by Union General William Sherman?
Do you agree with his tactics? Why or why not?

36. Richmond Falls
Lee realizes the South can’t hold on for long and sends Jefferson Davis a letter to leave Richmond, Virginia.
Union burns the city of Richmond, Virginia and flees.

38. Surrender at Appomattox
Lee sends General Grant a message that he wants to surrender.
On April 9, 1865, Lee and Grant meet at the Appomattox Court House in Virginia to arrange the South’s surrender.
Terms of surrender: soldiers were required to turn over their rifles, but officers were allowed to keep their pistols. Soldiers were allowed to keep horses.

39. The End is Here
Lee told his armies and the people of the South that they were beaten and that they should stop fighting.
All fighting ended by the summer.

40. Appomattox Courthouse

42. Surrender at Appomattox Video