Wonderful World of Bacteria

The Cell The cell is a unit of organization Cells are classified as prokaryotes or eukaryotes Living things are classified in six kingdoms based on structure.

Prokaryotes Within prokaryotes, there are two groups: Bacteria and Archaea.

Meanings Prokaryotes – Pro = Before – Karyote = Cell Nucleus – Do Not Have a Nucleus Eukaryotes – Eu = True – Karyote = Cell Nucleus – Has a Nucleus Which is older Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes? Prokaryotes

Examples Example of Prokaryote – Bacteria Example of Eukaryote – Animals, Plants, Fungi

Kingdom Bacteria Classified by how they get food. Consumers obtain nutrients from other organisms.

Bacteria Most consumers are decomposers which feed on dead organic matter. Parasitic is another consumer which means they invade the body of another organism to obtain food. Bacteria who make their own food are producers. – Some are photosynthetic and chlorophyll is needed for photosynthesis.

BACTERIA are helpful because… They are in our foods…

Bacteria Movement What is a that tail-like structure? Its called a flagellum – A Flagellum is a whip like structure that propels bacteria forward. – Flagellum means whip in Latin

More bacteria in our food…

Medicines AntibioticBacteriaInfection PenicillinPenicillium chrysogenum Throat infections, laryngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, stomach problems, BacitracinBacillus subtilisPrevent skin infections NeomycinStreptomyces fradiaeInfection of outer ear CiproInfection of lungs, skin, bones, joints, UTIs, diarrhea

Pseudomona and Penicillium and the help during oil spill clean-up

Good For World Nitrogen-fixing bacteria consume nitrogen in the air and change it into a form that plants can use. Decomposing bacteria break down dead organic matter and make nutrients available again to living things. Bioremediation is the use of bacteria and other microorganisms to change pollutants into harmless chemicals.

Good For People Some bacteria cause diseases while others make chemicals to treat diseases. – Antibiotics are medicines used to kill bacteria and other microorganisms. Bacteria can also be bred for food! – Cheese – Yogurt – Buttermilk – Sour cream

ARCHAEBACTERA Bacteria that live in extreme conditions The four main types of Archaebacteria: cold lovers, salt lovers, heat lovers, methane makers

Deep Sea Vents Cold Lovers

Hot Springs Heat Lovers

Salty Environments Salt Lovers

Sewage Plants Methane Makers

Bacteria can also be harmful

Bad Bacteria Certain bacteria act as pathogens and cause tetanus, typhoid fever, pneumonia, syphilis, cholera, food-borne illness and tuberculosis. Streptococcus bacteria may cause small infections like strep throat and some serious diseases like pneumonia. Certain streptococci may be fatal.

Still More Harmful bacteria in food cause botulism, which can cause paralysis or even death if even one-millionth of the bacterium is ingested. Bubonic plague, is a rod-shaped type of bacterium which is well-known for its harmful nature. Bacteria-carrying fleas found on animals such as rats and mice transmit the bacteria that are believed to have caused the deaths of millions of people in human history

Shape of Bacteria Bacilli or Rod Cocci Spirilla

Most common and Least Common The most common form of bacteria is Rod or Bacilli The least common shape of bacteria is Spirilla