1. Bacteria

2. What type of cell are bacteria?
Prokaryotic
No Nucleus or membrane bound organelles.
Bacteria are the ONLY prokaryote!

3. What are the two groups of bacteria?
Kingdom Eubacteria (Domain Bacteria)
“Good” or “true” bacteria.
Live Everywhere
Cell wall with peptidoglycan
Kingdom Archaebacteria (Domain Archae)
“Old” bacteria
Live in Extreme Environments (hot springs, high salt concentrations, etc)
Cell wall without peptidoglycan

4. What are the three basic shapes of bacteria?
Cocci – round shape
Bacilli – rod shape
Spirillum – spiral shaped

5. Arrangement - Chains
Streptobacillus
Streptococcus

6. Staphlococcus - Clusters
Arrangement
Staphlococcus - Clusters
Dicoccus - Two

7. Arrangement

8. 6 basic parts of a bacterial cell
Nuclear Material (DNA)
NO NUCLEUS!!!!
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Cell wall
with and without peptidoglycan
Gram positive and gram negative (only Eubacteria)
Flagella

9. What is a flagellum?
Use for locomotion

10. What ways do bacteria move?
Flagella
Long whip-like tail (shown)
Slime
Slime layer used to slide
Spiral Movement
Spiral twisting
No Movement

11. What two way do bacteria reproduce?
Asexual
Binary Fission
identical cells (clones)
Sexual
Conjugation then
binary fission
New genetically different cells

12. How do bacteria obtain food?
Autotrophic
Make it themselves with the help of light or inorganic matter and chemicals
Heterotrophic
Breakdown food, dead or decaying matter (organic matter).
decomposer

13. Do bacteria need oxygen?
Yes
Some need oxygen to help break down food. No
Some cannot use oxygen and it is like poison to them and kills the bacteria.

14. Can bacteria protect themselves?
Yes!
Endospore
A small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell.
It contains the cell’s genetic material and some of its cytoplasm.
It can resist freezing, heating, and drying.
Can survive for many years !

15. What good do bacteria do for the planet?
Fuel
Some Archaebacteria produces methane
Food
Bacteria assist in making food such as yogurt, pickles, cheese, apple cider.
Recycling
Breaking down dead and decaying matter (decomposer).
Some bacteria are used to clean up oil spills.
Symbiotic Relationships
Escherichia coli Vitamin K in Human Intestines
Cow gut

16. Microbial Friends Escherichia coli Lactobacillus acidophilus
Turns milk into yogurt
Streptomyces
Makes streptomycin, an antibiotic
Escherichia coli
Assists in food digestion

17. What are some bad things bacteria do on the planet?
Spoil food
Cause Disease
Food Poisoning
Tetanus
Lyme Disease
Strep Throat
Tuberculosis (TB)
Producing toxins that harm living things.

18. How can you treat and prevent bacterial diseases?
Antibiotics
A chemical that kills bacteria or slows their growth without harming the body cells of humans
Vaccines
A substance used in a vaccination that consists of pathogens that have been weakened or killed but can still trigger the immune system into action.