Organizational Behavior Change for Energy Conservation Dr. Scot Holliday BECC Conference December 1, 2011

Agenda I.The Journey II.What is Organizational Change for Energy Conservation? III.Case Study * Resources 2 Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.

The Journey 3 Organizational Change Consulting Smart Buildings, Smart Metering Consulting Smart Buildings, Smart Metering Consulting Doctoral Research Energy Conservation through Organizational Behavior Change Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.

What is Organizational Change for Energy Conservation? 4 Employee Engagement Employee Engagement Organizational Change Sustainability Behavior Change Cost Savings Green Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.

Sample Case Studies of Behavior Change for Energy Conservation Blaby District Council (UK) Lincoln Council (UK) Cambridge University Falkirk Council Hilton Hotel Energy Reduction 19% Total 17% Total 10% (Estimated) 3% (&12% on gas) Cost Savings £7,000 ($11,563) N/A£1,530,000 ($2,527,407) N/A£3,800,000 ($6,277,221) Timespan ½ year (2010)2 ½ years ( ) 4 years ( ) 1 year (2006) 3 years (2006– 2008) Industry Government EducationGovernmentHospitality Behavior Change Methods Working Group Awareness of Self Carbon Footprint Comms. Individual Plans- 3 ideas Change Champions Comms. Remote work Quarterly Campaigns BMS Competing Depts. Appliance Meters Motion sensors Deep Comms. Staff Training Awareness Campaign BMS Assessment Culture Change Awards New Equipment 5 Resource:

Organizational Change Management Levers 6 Organizational Change Management Levers Fostering leadership buy-in Strategy development, goal setting, metrics and reporting Strategic alignment between organizational levels and within business units Two-way communications internally and externally Engaging stakeholders Training and capability development Incentives, rewards and awards Organizational change facilitation Developing a change network Organizational restructuring Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.

Areas Needed for Successful Organizational Change for Energy Conservation AreaDescription Leadership Buy-InMost important critical success factor Change ChampionLeadership for the initiative/project Change NetworkHub of two-way communications (send/gather information) StakeholdersIdentify, engage and manage stakeholders Cost EffectiveMust be a business case Part of Larger Initiative For a change to be permanent it must be part of a larger program or aligned to the strategic goals of the organization CommunicationsThroughout the organization and externally for reinforcement AssessmentOf current behavior and attitudes, areas of improvement, training needs, progress of initiative, results TrainingFormal instructor-led and web-based. Informal by example Rewards/ IncentivesMonetary, recognition, part of annual performance appraisal External SupportCan use external training and consulting to kick-start 7 Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.

EMWS Approach Assessment of Strengths, Areas for Improvement Tailor a Program to Meet the Organization’s Needs Communications Reinforce Training Connect Home and Work Behaviors Competition to Foster Support Report Progress and Update Approach Reinforce Behaviors Quarterly 8 Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.

Connecting Energy Saving Behavior at Home and at Work annual cost of leaving 1 tv set-top box in stand-by mode, e.g. cable box potential reduction in heating and cooling costs through optimum insulation cost of most behavior change actions for conserving energy annual cost of leaving 1 tv set-top box in stand-by mode, e.g. cable box potential reduction in heating and cooling costs through optimum insulation cost of most behavior change actions for conserving energy $ $ % % $ $ cost of leaving a 17 inch LCD computer monitor on during the night for 1 year less energy is consumed by laptop computers than desktop computer cost of keeping a single 100 watt regular/ incandescent light bulb on for 1 year (compact fluorescent bulbs [CFLs] save 75% in costs and last 10 times longer) cost of leaving a 17 inch LCD computer monitor on during the night for 1 year less energy is consumed by laptop computers than desktop computer cost of keeping a single 100 watt regular/ incandescent light bulb on for 1 year (compact fluorescent bulbs [CFLs] save 75% in costs and last 10 times longer) $ $ % % $ $ Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.

Behavior Change Tips for Residential/Homes 10 Resource: EIA (2010). Accessed July 2011, Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.  Turn off the lights when not needed. It is a myth that leaving them on uses less energy than turning them off  Replace standard incandescent light bulbs with CFLs and save 75% off lighting costs  Turn off the lights when not needed. It is a myth that leaving them on uses less energy than turning them off  Replace standard incandescent light bulbs with CFLs and save 75% off lighting costs U.S. Residential Energy Usage (EIA, 2009)  Set your thermostat 5° higher during hot weather to save about 10% on cooling costs and lower the thermostat during cold weather  Run the dishwasher only when fully loaded and air- dry dishes on the "energy saver" setting  Set your thermostat 5° higher during hot weather to save about 10% on cooling costs and lower the thermostat during cold weather  Run the dishwasher only when fully loaded and air- dry dishes on the "energy saver" setting  Turn your water heater down to 120° or the “Normal”  Wrap your water heater with a water heater blanket  Turn your water heater down to 120° or the “Normal”  Wrap your water heater with a water heater blanket  Adjust the refrigerator temperature settings. Optimum refrigerator range is 37 to 40°F and freezer range is 0 to 5°F  Keep the coils (on the back or the bottom of the appliance) clean  Adjust the refrigerator temperature settings. Optimum refrigerator range is 37 to 40°F and freezer range is 0 to 5°F  Keep the coils (on the back or the bottom of the appliance) clean  Unplug electronics, battery chargers and other equipment when not in use. Taken together, these small items can use as much power as your refrigerator.  Enable “power management” on all computers and make sure to turn them off at night  Unplug electronics, battery chargers and other equipment when not in use. Taken together, these small items can use as much power as your refrigerator.  Enable “power management” on all computers and make sure to turn them off at night  Cook on range-top burners when practical instead of in the oven  Use the microwave for reheating and cooking small quantities of food  Cook on range-top burners when practical instead of in the oven  Use the microwave for reheating and cooking small quantities of food

Behavior Change Tips for Commercial Buildings 11 Resource: EIA (2010). Accessed July 2011, Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.  Turn off the lights when not needed. It is a myth that leaving them on uses less energy than turning them off  Use task lighting where needed. Use up to 50% less in lighting energy  Turn off the lights when not needed. It is a myth that leaving them on uses less energy than turning them off  Use task lighting where needed. Use up to 50% less in lighting energy U.S. Commercial Energy Usage (EIA, 2009)  Set your thermostat 5° higher during hot weather to save about 10% on cooling costs and lower the thermostat during cold weather  Adjust your layers of clothing before adjusting the thermostat  Set your thermostat 5° higher during hot weather to save about 10% on cooling costs and lower the thermostat during cold weather  Adjust your layers of clothing before adjusting the thermostat  Turn your water heater down to 120° or the “Normal”  Wrap your water heater with a water heater blanket  Turn your water heater down to 120° or the “Normal”  Wrap your water heater with a water heater blanket  Keep your refrigerator away from heat sources, such as an oven, a dishwasher and direct sunlight from a window. A 10°F increase in surrounding temperature can result in 20% higher energy consumption  Keep the coils (on the back or the bottom of the appliance) clean  Keep your refrigerator away from heat sources, such as an oven, a dishwasher and direct sunlight from a window. A 10°F increase in surrounding temperature can result in 20% higher energy consumption  Keep the coils (on the back or the bottom of the appliance) clean  Enable “power management” on all computers and make sure to turn them off at night  A laptop computer uses up to 90% less energy than desktop models  Enable “power management” on all computers and make sure to turn them off at night  A laptop computer uses up to 90% less energy than desktop models  Use a power strip and shut it off when not in use  Enable power management setting on all equipment  Use a power strip and shut it off when not in use  Enable power management setting on all equipment

Great Valley School District Case Study Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved facilities/school in district 4,000 Students 2008 year end Goal to reduce energy usage by 5% Achieved 8.7% reduction from Solution: – Communications – Change Network – Metrics for monthly usage tracking – 20% payback Resource:

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15 Resource: Total Avg. 8.7%

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Dashboard from School Dude 17 Resource:

Monthly Progress Reports 18 Resource:

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Resources Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved. 21 SiteDescriptionLink Carbon Trust NGO in UK offering resources, case studies, consulting DOE LEADER Program Organizations committing to reducing their energy usage 25% or more in 10 years Resource: y/saveenergynow/leader.html DOE EERE Energy Savers DOE site with tips, training for saving energy Flex Your Power California's statewide energy efficiency marketing and outreach campaign Lawrence Berkeley National laboratory Standby Power Summary Tablehttp://standby.lbl.gov/summary- table.html PG&E Energy Saving Tipswww.pge.com/myhome/saveenergym oney/savingstips U.S. Energy Information Administration Statistics on US energy usagehttp:// EMWS- Scot’s Postings Brochures, tips and presentations on energy conservation ming.html Michael Bluejay Energy saving tipshttp://michaelbluejay.com/electricity

Contact EMWS Websites: Dr. Scot Holliday 22 Content copyright East Meets West Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.