Chapter 5: A New Nation Begins to Grow 1763-1775

Section 5.1: The Proclamation of 1763

British control of America was established with the Treaty of Paris However, the real hold that Great Britain had on the colonies was weak New and different laws were passed in an effort to control trade Colonial merchants and shippers found other ways of getting around those laws Then new events affected the relationship between Great Britain and the colonies

Proclamation of 1763 The first problem occurred in spring of 1763 Great numbers of colonists settled in Ohio Valley, west of Appalachian Mountains An Ottawa chief, Pontiac, knew that more American Indian land might get lost to British settlers Chief Pontiac organized several American Indian nations and successfully attacked colonial forts

To avoid more trouble with American Indians, King George III signed Proclamation of 1763 This act ordered all settlers to leave Ohio Valley and return to established colonies Did not allow any more people to make new settlements west of Appalachians It said that no traders could enter area without approval of king

Taxation Without Representation Colonists were opposed to the new law They had fought in French and Indian War and now the law was saying that no one could go west Many colonists felt that the king didn’t care about protecting them from American Indians Felt its real purpose was to prevent them from developing the new land Taxation Without Representation New problem was British debt from the French and Indian War Some money had been raised by increasing taxes of people in Great Britain

In 1764, Parliament, the government of Great Britain, agreed that it had the right to tax the colonies in exchange for protection from all enemies Colonists disagreed with this policy, saying they did not need any British help to protect themselves Many colonists felt this taxation without colonial agreement, or “taxation without representation,” could not be tolerated

New British Policies Sugar Act – passed in 1764 Raised the tax on sugar, cloth goods, and other articles from any place other than Great Britain Currency Act – passed in 1764 Made it illegal for the colonies to print their own money Quartering Act – passed in 1765 Demanded that the colonies provided housing and goods for all British soldiers in America Stamp Act – passed in 1765 Enabled the government to tax legal and business papers used in America It also taxed such items as playing cards and dice

The colonists protested the Stamp Act Tarred and feathered tax collectors Tried to force the removal of the Stamp Act by boycotting all British goods Parliament decided to remove, or repeal, the tax in 1766 Shortly thereafter, Parliament passed the Declaratory Act Act stated that Great Britain had control over the colonies in all cases

5.1 PowerPoint Questions 1.) Why did the British decide to tax the colonists? 2.) Why did the colonists protest the Proclamation of 1763? 3.) What was the attitude of the king toward the colonists? 4.) Why did the colonies feel that taxation was unfair? 5.) What was the Stamp Act and when was it passed? C.T.) Do you think Great Britain had the right to tax the colonists? Why or why not?