South Africa The system of apartheid ** National Resistance to apartheid** Repression and Control by South African governments** End of apartheid ** = complete

Political, economic and social factors: Politically: The ANC, PAC AND UDF (United Democratic Front) were still protesting Economically: Poverty was on the rise, education and housing were of a third world standard Socially: The State of Emergency was making things unsafe for ALL South Africans.

UDF United Democratic Party formed in 1983, bringing ALL resistance groups together. By 1985 – 2 million members!

International Factors that ended apartheid Economic sanctions had driven the country into recession Free Mandela Campaign made the anti apartheid movement popular overseas Sporting sanctions isolated South Africa Severe international criticism embarrassed SA Military and technical equipment embargos isolated SA Other African nations isolated SA

Free Nelson Mandela The Campaign: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjfE6Hp56NY Song: The Specials – released in 1984 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgcTvoWjZJU The Concert: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsQ0pNKFvrc

The End! 1989 P.W. Botha resigned as President of South Africa F.W. De Klerk new President 2 February 1990 – opened parliament and began dismantling apartheid He lifted political ban and freed political prisoners

South Africa nearly slid into civil war. A Convention for Democratic South Africa was formed so the National Party and ANC could work together.

National Party problems: Traditional rulers wanted to hold onto power for as long as possible Right wing extremists wanted to assassinate Nelson Mandela White extremists were violently protesting the CODESSA

ANC problems They wanted “one man, one vote” immediately Other anti apartheid groups such as the Inkatha wouldn’t co-operate with the National Party Savage violence between ANC and Inkatha

Election! 27th April 1994 – The ANC won the election, Nelson Mandela became the President of South Africa and Klerk the Deputy President