The American Civil War 1861-1865.

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Presentation transcript:

The American Civil War 1861-1865

Fort Sumter, South Carolina Date: April 12, 1861 Significance: First battle of the American Civil War After this battle Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina to also seceded from the Union

President of the Confederacy Abraham Lincoln Jefferson Davis President of the Union President of the Confederacy

What one resource did the South have more of?

The North’s Anaconda Plan Blockade Southern ports Split Confederacy in two by taking Mississippi River Capture Confederate Capitol at Richmond, VA

The South’s Strategy Defensive War Didn’t need to invade the North Make it a long, unpopular war in the North Gain support from Great Britain and France Need their trade and manufactured goods Europe needed southern cotton Convince Border States to Secede

In what state did most of the major battles take place?

Battle of Bull Run (Manassas, VA) Date: July 21, 1861 25 miles from Washington, D.C. 100 miles from Richmond, VA First battle out of two fought here Significance: South won its first victory Showed that war wouldn’t be quick and easy as many thought

Robert E. Lee Head of the Confederate Army Had opposed secession and was even asked to head the Union army, but he was from Virginia and when Virginia seceded he chose to side with the Confederacy

Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson Led and inspired the Confederate victory at Bull Run Earned the nickname “stonewall” during this battle “There is Jackson standing like a stone wall!”

Union Victories in The west

Fort Henry and Fort Donelson Union captured the two strategically placed Confederate forts on the Mississippi in 11 days

Shiloh 1 month later Surprise attack on Union that failed Taught both sides to prepare for battle Showed the potential devastation of battle

Ulysses S. Grant Head of the western Union armies Eventually led the entire Union army at the end of the war Decisive military commander “No terms except unconditional and immediate surrender” “U.nconditional S.urrender” Grant

New Weaponry Ironclad Ships

More New Weapons Rifle Minié Ball Land mines Grenades

These new weapons led to death on a scale never before seen