Social Studies Thirteen Colonies

What are the three regions? New England Colonies Middle Colonies Southern Colonies

What 2 factors determined how the thirteen colonies were grouped into regions? They were divided by similarities in geography and climate.

Why did the British colonies choose to settle North and South along the coast? Easy access Appalachian mountains prevented them from moving west.

Many people were wealthy enough to pay for their own voyage to America Many people were wealthy enough to pay for their own voyage to America. Others had to find someone to pay for their voyage. What were they called and how would they repay them? They were called indentured servants and would have to work for the person that paid for their trip until it was paid off.

Name the New England Colonies Massachusetts New Hampshire Connecticut Rhode Island

Why did people settle in the New England Colonies? Settled for religious freedom Unhappy with the Church of England King wanted to acquire new land

Describe the geography and climate of the New England Colonies. Poor, rocky soil Good harbors Swift, impassable rivers Forests Long, cold winters Short summers

What is New England’s economy based on? Whaling Fishing Ship building

What products or crops were produced in New England? Furs Lumber / forest products Whale oil

How were government decisions made in New England? Town meetings Voting allowed by white, landowning males

Name the Middle Colonies Pennsylvania New Jersey New York Delaware

Describe the geography and climate in the Middle Colonies? Fertile soil Navigable rivers – they were able to send crops to nearby towns because the rivers were long, wide, navigable Temperate climate (mild)

Why did colonists choose to settle in the Middle Colonies? Settled for religious and political reasons Cheap land Diverse religious population

What is the Middle Colonies economy based on? Trading Large fruit and vegetable farms Most colonists were farmers- grew wheat, rye, and corn- “Bread Basket Colonies”

What products or crops do the Middle Colonies produce? Grains: wheat, corn, rye, oats, barley Livestock: beef and pork

How were government decisions made in the Middle Colonies ? Voting only allowed by white, landowning males older than 17

Why would the Middle Region be a desirable region to live in?

Name the Southern Colonies North Carolina South Carolina Virginia Maryland Georgia

Describe the geography and climate of the Southern Region. Longest growing season Fertile soil Flat coastal plains Hot summers, Mild winters

Why did colonists choose to settle in the Southern Colonies? Settled for religious reasons Many plantations Many small farms

What was the Southern Colonies economy based on? Agriculture/farming Trading- cash crops

Southern region had cash crops Southern region had cash crops. What is a cash crop and which crops were used this way? Cash crop was used in place of money, not grown everywhere and was a product that others wanted Tobacco, rice indigo, cotton, wheat, corn

Who did most of the work on the large farms? Enslaved Africans Which Southern Colony had the largest population of enslaved people? South Carolina Enslaved Africans taught the colonists how to successfully grow rice!

How were government decisions made in the Southern Region? Held town meetings Voting only allowed by white, land-owning males House of Burgesses (in Virginia)

What is the House of Burgesses? An elected group of people with the power to make and change laws. Only planters and white landowners could be elected Consisted of 22 men that voted to make decisions There were 2 reps for each of the 11 plantations or counties Initially influenced by England

Who did the colonists trade with? Europe and Africa What was this called? Triangular Trade

American Colonists were able to make money anyway they wanted American Colonists were able to make money anyway they wanted. Since they had to make or grow most of what they needed they had to learn to specialize. What were these specialists called? What are some examples of this? These specialists were called artisans. Examples of these are blacksmiths, silversmiths,