The Maryland-National Capital Park & Planning Commission September 13, 2003 Adequacy of school facilities Housing Managing growth in Montgomery County

Presentation Outline What are the trends affecting school enrollment and classroom capacity? How does the AGP test the adequacy of public school facilities? What are the trends in housing, including affordable housing?

What are the trends affecting school enrollment and classroom capacity?

Factors affecting school enrollment Enrollment September 2002: 138,891 Overlapping factors: Births: Aging through: Migration (moving into both new and existing housing) Overall: new development is responsible for about 20% of enrollment growth.

County births reach all-time high in 2002 Montgomery County Resident Births 3 One child born every 40 minutes

MCPS enrollment change from prior year

MCPS Grades K-5 Enrollment Actual & Projected Grades K-5 enrollment begins increasing again in 3 years 33,146 59,112 61, 800

MCPS Grades 6-8 Enrollment Actual & Projected Grades 6 –8 enrollment reaches plateau over next six years 30,407 30, ,661

MCPS Grades Enrollment Actual & Projected Grades enrollment increases for most of six year forecast 39,306 42,121 26,777

Total enrollment continues to increase over next six years 91, , ,801 8

Since 1983, MCPS enrollment growth exceeds 48,000 MCPS Enrollment by Race/ Ethnic Group, HISPANIC ASIAN-AMERICAN AFRICAN-AMERICAN WHITE African-American, Asian-American & Hispanic populations increase

MCPS Operates 191 Schools in Number of MCPS Operating Schools

Number of relocatables increases MCPS - Number of Relocatables in Use, & Reason For Use Beginning in Increase due to enrollment growth & class size reductions 682

How does the current AGP test the adequacy of school facilities?

Current school test Schools tested at 3 levels (elementary, middle, high) for every cluster. Compare future enrollment to future capacity (5 years from now). Capacity: kindergarten: 44 or 22; grades 1-5: 25; secondary grades: 22.5 Cluster with enrollment over 100% of capacity: use capacity in adjacent clusters. Damascus clusters moratorium (FY2002) lifted due to new Clarksburg High School.

School test example Quince Orchard Elementary Schools 2008 Enrollment2, Capacity3,015 Capacity Avail.100 Watkins Mill Elementary Schools 2008 Enrollment3, Capacity3,079 Capacity Deficit68

School test concerns When schools are over-crowded, the test shouldnt say adequate. Are we using the best measures of enrollment and capacity? Using capacity from adjacent clusters is problematic. Need mechanism for development to pay toward school facilities.

Comparing enrollment & capacity 100%, No Borrowing AGP Capacity 100%, No Borrowing MCPS Program Capacity Enrollment exceeds capacity Enrollment below capacity

Planning Boards recommendation & the school test Individual development proposals are not subject to a school adequacy review. School adequacy taken into account in setting Preliminary Plan Approval Rate. Proposal benefits schools in two ways: Slows pace of residential development approvals Requires payment of development impact tax for schools at building permit. Endorsed by Board of Education

Planning Boards proposed school impact tax rates Residential (proposed) DetachedTownGardenHi-RiseSeniorMPDUs $8,000$6,000$4,000$1,600$0$0 Residential rates per unit; Senior means multi-family senior housing; MPDU means moderately-priced dwelling unit as defined by County law.

What are the trends in housing, including affordable housing?

About 65,500 new units were built from 1988 through 2002 Townhouse and multi-family increased in 2002; 2002 completions exceed prior 12 years 5,485 Source; M-NCPPC Research & Technology Center Single-Family Detached Townhouse Multi-family

Housing prices continue to rise Median price of single-family home Source: M-NCPPC Research & Technology Center

Housing affordability shows slight decline. The higher the score, the more affordable the housing is. A score of 1 means the monthly cost of buying a home equals 28% of gross income. Affordability index for existing single-family homes Source: M-NCPPC Research & Technology Center Interest rate increases are a potential threat to affordability gains in the past decade.

2002 brings marked increase in most prices Median Prices New Single Family New Townhouse Existing Townhouse 2002 prices are for the first half of the year only. Source: M-NCPPC Research & Technology Center Existing Single Family

Apartment vacancy rates rise Economic downturn, new units reduce pressure Source: Montgomery County Office of Landlord-Tenant Affairs Vacancy rate

Rents continue upward trend Monthly rent, in dollars Source: Montgomery County Office of Landlord-Tenant Affairs

Summary School trends: the challenge will continue as enrollment increases and becomes more diverse. Current school test: Almost never imposes moratorium, but most enrollment growth is not due to new development Proposed school impact tax: Would provide a dedicated revenue source for 20% of CIP Housing: Demand is very high and most trends threaten affordability. One that doesnt: more multi-family units are being built.