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Presentation transcript:

Translation

Your cells make proteins like this: Remember… Proteins run your body Your cells make proteins like this: DNA We’ve already learned about DNA and RNA, now lets learn about the next step, making proteins. RNA Proteins

Translation Translation is the process of making proteins from mRNA mRNA functions as the blueprint for your genes

Proteins Proteins are made of small pieces called amino acids

RNA makes proteins mRNA tRNA rRNA (Messenger RNA) (Transfer RNA) Made from the DNA tRNA (Transfer RNA) Puts the amino acids together rRNA (Ribosomal RNA) Ribosomes read the mRNA

Translation mRNA is made (transcription) in the nucleus Nucleus Leaves the nucleus Goes to the cytoplasm Nucleus mRNA tRNA Then it is read by the ribosome And proteins are made Ribosome mRNA mRNA

The mRNA is read 3 nucleotides at a time, called codons The mRNA is read 3 nucleotides at a time, called codons. The ribosome reads the mRNA codons and the tRNA brings the correct amino acid that matches. tRNA Ribosome mRNA

The Genetic Code Match the mRNA codon to the correct amino acid… AUG = CCC = GCA = UUA = UAA = Methionine Proline Alanine Leucine Stop

The Genetic Code ATA UAU CCG GGC TTA AAU Now let’s go from DNA to mRNA to amino acid DNA RNA Amino Acid ATA UAU Tyrosine CCG GGC Glycine TTA AAU Asparagine

The Genetic Code Why is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one codon? There are 64 different combos for codons but only 20 amino acids.