Stakeholder Expert Group on the Review of EU Air Policy 6-7 June 2011 Review of the EU Air Quality and Pollution Policies - Overview -

Content Review of 2005 Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution Consultation and preparatory process Expectations for the first meeting Agenda

Why do we need a review? Poor implementation subsidiarity link to measures and their effectiveness Increasing evidence of impacts health effects on children biodiversity and ecosystem impacts long-recovery periods (eg. acidification) inter-linkage with climate change / energy and transport agenda

Why do we need a review? (2) New challenges PM2.5, PM1, Ultrafines Black Carbon / Soot New opportunities Europe 2020 objectives Innovation Agenda – air quality objectives can be a driver New (long-term) objectives NEC objectives ended in 2010, most Air Quality objectives will end in 2015 Key related sectors have set 2050 roadmap – what does this mean for air quality

Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution National Emission Ceilings Directive Ambient Air Quality Directives Transport Energy Waste Agriculture Industry Households 2005

Introduction Review Review of 2005 Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution Article 32 of Directive 2008/50/EC Review by 2013 of PM 2.5 and, as appropriate, other pollutants For PM 2.5, review with the view to establishing a legally binding national exposure reduction obligations taking into account several elements (latest WHO information, air quality situation and reduction potential, revision of NEC directive, progress in implementation) amongst others Article 8 of Directive 2004/107/EC (4 th Daughter Directive) Review of heavy metals (As, Cd, Hg, Ni) and PAHs target values (trends, effects, exposure, measurement, measures, etc.) Article 10 of Directive 2001/81/EC (NEC Directive) – originally foreseen since 2006 Commisson Work Programme 2011 (COM(2010) 623 final) foresees review for 2013 College Debate 18/01/2011 (SEC(2011) 342 final)

Positive response and outspoken support by the President and the whole College on: Comprehensive review of EU Air Quality Policy in 2012/2013 Revised NEC directive as part of the review Immediate action in specific policy areas Co-operation with Member States, assisting in achieving compliance (not stopping infringements) Co-benefits with climate change agenda Link to Europe 2020 objectives, e.g. Innovation See documents incl. SEC(2011) 342 at Air Review page on EUROPA: Policy Package to Reduce Air Emissions

Review of the current air quality legislation (including reasons for non-compliance) Review of the current air quality limits and targets PM 2.5 as required by Directive Latest scientific evidence of air pollution impacts for ozone, PM 10, heavy metals, PAHs, others? new targets (incl. NEC) – long term objectives (2020 – 2030 – 2050?) Possible new measures (eg. vehicle emissions, non-road and small stationary sources, wood burning, agriculture, shipping,...) Link to climate change (eg. co-benefits, short lived climate species) Integration into sectorial policies (transport, energy, vehicle emissions, etc.) – already 2011 (White Paper and 2050 roadmaps) Simplification / smart regulation / streamlining Comprehensive Review

The National Emission Ceilings Directive Aggregated EU-27 emissions ceilings and projected emissions for 2010 The emission ceilings shown are the aggregated EU-27 emission ceilings defined in Annex I and Annex II of the NECD. Annex II of the NECD does not define a ceiling for NH3. Projections are aggregates of the projections reported by individual Member States. NECD… Limits trans-boundary air pollution Sets cost-effective ceilings to achieve common EU standards at lowest cost Enables flexibility to implement national measures adapted to national circumstances Revision will look at new ceilings and new pollutants (PM)

Sulfur content in certain fuels Addressing road transport and vehicle emissions Real world emissions of NOx much higher than measured at type approval for cars, vans and heavy duty vehicles Retrofit standards, Euro 6/VI, New Drive Cycles, … Further integration in Climate, Energy & Transport policies Past and upcoming policy initatives (e.g White Paper on Transport, 2050 roadmap on low carbon economy) Climate change: tapping the synergies whilst managing the trade-offs Measures in future CAP, Cohesion Policy and Research Revision of the Gothenburg Protocol (currently under negotiation) Immediate action

Assessing the reasons for non-compliance Encouraging exchange of experiences and good practices Streamlining reporting (implementing provisions for reporting) Exploring supporting activities including financing opportunities (eg. Cohesion Policy, LIFE+, research) Time extensions for NO 2 important process where Commission is bound by clear and limited number of criteria in Directive Enforcement action, where necessary, and as a mean to find solutions Implementation - co-operation with Member States

allocations on air quality-related measures in the Operational Programmes under the Cohesion Policy ( ) was approximately 1 billion but only 6% (!) were committed to specific projects by the end of 2009 Communication Regional Policy contributing to sustainable growth in Europe 2020 (COM(2011) 17 final ) 100 billion are still available until re-consider the priorities for projects and launch new ones relevant actions could be on energy efficiency, buildings, renewables, clean transport and eco-innovation and green procurement Information document under preparation Co-financing

Air Quality / Climate link Ensure to maximise co-benefits whilst minimising and managing trade-offs

Consultation Various inputs and consultation processes envisaged: Ambient Air Quality Committee Stakeholder group(s) Input from relevant international organisations (eg. WHO, CLRTAP, etc.), existing fora and networks Dedicated workshops Studies and projects (eg. through questionnaires, workshops, etc.) Online consultations (first to be launched in June 2011) First meeting of Stakeholder Expert Group on 6/7 June 2011.

Supporting studies / work A number of supporting studies and other supporting activities are under preparation: Questionnaire / ex-post evaluation of ambient air quality directives (ongoing – see UBA, Austria/TNO) Short term action plans (ongoing – implementation) Review requirements Art 32 of 2008/50 and Art 8 of 2004/107 Scenarios and impacts (baseline, maximum, options, costs, benefits) Hemispheric transboundary air pollution Cooperation with WHO on new scientific evidence for health Support activities from JRC, EEA, RTD, others Use other relevant projects – EC4MACs, APHEKOM, ENA... Once first results are available, they will be presented to SEG

Process and timetable (assuming 2013) Evaluation phase Policy development phase Finalisation phase Council / EP 6/7 JunexxxxxStakeholder EG Online consultations

Thank you for your attention! More information (all you want to know about the review): also access to documents and presentations from Stakeholder Expert Group – Public CIRCA Interest Group

Expectations and envisaged conclusions from First Stakeholder Expert Group Launch review process – inform about process Endorsement for need of review Invitation to present input (in writing) – questionnaire and written comments after meeting Launch discussion on key issues and need for priority setting

Agenda Item 2:Review of EU Air Policy – overview Item 3:Review of the Thematic Strategy for Air Pollution o Current status, trends, future baseline, possible maximum control scenario, Item 4:Key issues for the review o Transport, Vehicle emissions, Urban areas, shipping and climate/air quality link o Other important and emerging issues Item 5:Information on relevant projects o Health, integrated nitrogen approach, AQ index Item 6:AOB Item 7:Conclusions and next steps