Three Main Areas of a House 3 Main Areas of a House - Unit 2 Three Main Areas of a House Interior Planning

Objectives Differentiate between the three main areas of a house Connect prior use of tools to tool use in architectural drawing Design 3 main areas of a house Analyze various kitchen types Critique basic floor plans Apply concepts of scale to everyday life Create part of a floor plan using architectural tools

Floor Plans It’s a scaled drawing of a horizontal section through a building at a given level (usually 5’-0”) a diagram of the relationships between rooms, spaces and other physical features at one level of a structure Shows: location and dimensions of exterior and interior walls, windows, doors, major appliances, cabinets, fireplaces

Floor Plans Information in a floor plan includes: Exterior and interior walls Size and location of windows and doors Built in cabinets and appliances Permanent fixtures Stairs and fireplaces – direction, number of risers and width of stairs Patios and decks Room names Material symbols Scale, usually drawn ¼” = 1’

Floor Plans Open vs. Closed Plans: Open Concept Rooms on the main level are not divided by walls. The line of sight leads from the front to the back of the house Good for families with kids, who want to see them at all times, when cooking, etc. This is currently a popular method of building Especially popular for smaller spaces

Floor Plans Open vs. Closed Plans: Closed Concept Rooms on the main level are mostly divided by walls into separate spaces. This is a more traditional method of building It allows for more privacy Better layout for larger homes than smaller homes

Traffic Circulation It’s the movement of people from one area or room to another You should plan for maximum efficiency of movement Pathways should be short and not pass through other rooms too much

Famous TV Show Floor Plans http://hiconsumption.com/2013/03/famous- television-show-home-floor-plans/

Areas of a Residential Home Sleeping Area Living Area Service Area

Sleeping Area Where people go for privacy, to rest, go to the bathroom, etc. Located away from the busy areas (entrance, kitchen, family room, garage) Rooms Include: Bedroom Master Bedroom Bathrooms Dressing rooms Nurseries

Sleeping Area Bedrooms: Should each have hallway access and a closet! FHA (Federal Housing Administration) Recommended Sizes: Minimum= 100 sq. feet (10’X10’) Average= 125-175 sq. ft. Large= over 175 sq. ft. More bedrooms in a home = more sale potential

Sleeping Area Bedrooms:

Sleeping Area Bedroom planning considerations: How many people are sleeping in the room? What type of room is it? (a Master Suite should also have a bathroom and large closet) Leave at least 2’-0” on either side of a bed larger than a double size Provide end table(s) for the bed Did you include a generously-sized closet? What other storage could be provided?

Sleeping Area Bathrooms: Located near sleeping and living areas An average residential house will have at least1-1/2 baths Door should swing to avoid direct view of the toilet Placed near or above each other or kitchen Save money to run more plumbing pipes Avoid placing toilets under windows and having doors open directly to them Include an exhaust fan and GFCI outlets (ground fault circuit interrupter)

Sleeping Area Bathrooms: 3 types ½ Bath contains toilet and lavatory (sink)

Sleeping Area Bathrooms: 3 types ¾ Bath contains toilet / lav / shower or tub

Sleeping Area Bathrooms: 3 types Full (master) Bath contains toilet / lav / shower / tub Minimum full size- 5’X8’ Large full sizes- 10’X10’, 10’X12’

Sleeping Area Bathroom planning considerations: Leave15” on either side of the toilet Leave 24” in front of the toilet There should be a mirror over the sink! Is there enough light in the mirror area? The fixtures should follow common dimensions: Common tub size 30”x 60” Shower size 30” x 30” to 36” x 48”

Sleeping Area Closets: Minimum Depth- 2’-0” (Recommended- 30”) Location near an entranceway on interior walls (noise insulation/does not reduce exterior wall space for windows) Access door types Bi-fold sliding Hinged

Sleeping Area Interior Doors: Minimum bedroom door size = 2’6” W x 6’-8” H Other interior door sizes- 2’-3’or wider in 2” increments Door should be near a corner (6” from the wall) They should swing into the room They should not hit any bathroom fixtures Do not block closets in the bedrooms Do not allow for direct viewing of a toilet!

Sleeping Area General Rules to Consider for Sleeping Area: Rooms should be grouped together whenever possible Add switched lighting in every room (near entrance) At least two windows are recommended when there are two exterior walls Include plenty of furniture storage pieces (side tables, bureaus, etc.) Consider a spot for a TV viewable from the bed Each bedroom should have an accessible bathroom

Living Area Where people relax, entertain guests, dine, read, watch the Phillies, play Rock Band… Rooms include: Formal Living Room Family Room Den or Study Dining Room Foyer Patio, Deck, Porch, Terrace Game Room

Living Area Formal Living Room: Usually has a formal nature (reading, studying, relaxing, playing piano) Room Sizes (FHA- Federal Housing Administration) -Minimum = 150 sq. feet -Average = 250 sq. feet -Large = around 400+ sq. ft.

Living Area Formal Living Room:

Living Area Family Room: Less formal then the living room (TV- watching, playing video games) Where the family spends most of its time together

Living Area Family Room:

Living Area Living Room & Family room planning considerations: What is the space used for? What is the focal point of the space? How many people will it hold? What kind of furniture will be needed? Open plan or Closed plan? What kind of activities will it be used for? Special Lighting? Placement of windows is important

Living Area Dining Room: Location Room Size (FHA) Near Kitchen and Living Room Room Size (FHA) Minimum= 120 sq. feet Average= 160 sq. feet Large= around 200 or more sq. feet

Living Area Dining Room:

Living Area Dining Room planning considerations: How many people will be dining? You’ll need to fit the correct-sized table. Leave at least 2’-0” behind the back of a chair to the wall Open or closed plan? What works best?

Living Area Foyer (Entrance Way): Should not enter into a room, if possible Extension of entry to protect house from weather Minimum size- 6’ X 6’ Average size- 8’ X 10’ Should have a closet (min 2’ X 3’) Door size should be at least 3’-0” x 6’-8”

Living Area Foyer (Entrance Way):

Living Area Other Entrance Ways: Service Entrance Special Purpose Entrance to mudroom or utility room Near kitchen Special Purpose Provides access to patio or deck

Living Area General Rules to Consider for Living Area: Leave a minimum of 3’-0” between walls for circulation TV should be a minimum of 6’-0” away from sofa, and centered in the seating area Leave a space of 1’-6” between the sofa(s) and coffee table in the middle Side tables can be placed right next to furniture with no extra space left over Try not to create a traffic circulation route through the seating area. Rather, it’s better if you can walk around the seating area to get to the next room.

Service Area Where people perform jobs such as cooking, laundry, working with tools, etc. Rooms Include: Kitchen Clothes care center Garage Carport Storage

Service Area Kitchen: Food preparation Can be extended for dining, storage, or laundry Most expensive area of the house per square foot Most active use of any room Eat-in kitchen usually includes a small table (in addition to a separate dining room)

Service Area Kitchen: Work Triangle Consists of the distance between the refrigerator, sink, and range (stove) Perimeter of triangle should be less than 22’-0”

Service Area Kitchen: 6 types Straight-line Kitchen For small cottages and apartments Little cabinet space Not very interesting Not ideal for working triangle

Service Area Kitchen: 6 types L-Shaped Kitchen Located on 2 adjacent walls Efficient and usually more attractive than a straight line 2 work centers on one wall and the other on an adjacent wall Not for large kitchens

Service Area Kitchen: 6 types Corridor (Galley) Kitchen Uses two opposite walls Small to medium size (ideal for long narrow rooms) Not ideal if there is too much traffic through kitchen Leave at least 4’-0” of open space between cabinets

Service Area Kitchen: 6 types U-Shaped Kitchen Popular, highly effective and attractive No traffic passes through the kitchen to other areas of house Compact work triangle Leave at least 5’-6” of space between both sides of the “U”

Service Area Kitchen: 6 types Peninsula (G-Shape) Kitchen Peninsula is a piece of cabinetry projecting into empty space that’s often used as cooking center, eating area, or food prep center Plenty of work space Traffic is reduced and work triangle is compact

Service Area Kitchen: 6 types Island Kitchen Modification of straight, L or U shaped design Island is stand-alone cabinetry accessible from all sides that may house sink, cooking center, food prep area, or counter top/snack bar 4’-0” of clearance for easy access

Service Area Kitchen planning considerations: Should be located near a service entrance and provide easy access to trash containers Usually next to the dining room Cabinets/Appliances Most 34 ½” high, 24” deep Widths in 3 in increments (15”, 18”, 21”) Wall cabinets 12-13” deep 12”-30” high (3” increments) 12”-36” wide (3” increments)

Service Area Laundry Room: Washing, drying, pressing, folding, storing and mending clothes Floors = water resistant Often located in the basement b/c of noise and lack of space. Many newer houses build laundry closets on the 2nd floor Washer and Dryer 29” wide 26” deep 43.5” high

Service Area Laundry Room:

Service Area Garage / Carport: Provides shelter for automobiles Plan with storage in mind, and a connection to the house Attached (garage) or free standing (carport) Sizes: 1 car = 11’ x 19’ to 16’ x 25’ 2 cars = 20’ x 20’ to 25’ x 25’

Service Area Garage / Carport: