Top Things to Know… Causes of Civil War 1) Sectionalism: Differences in cultures between North and South. Southern dependency on slavery. Causes conflict. 2) Missouri Compromise 1820, Great Compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854: Efforts to settle disputes over slavery in western territories. ALL FAILED. 3) Abolitionist: Those who wanted to end slavery 4) Dred Scott Case: Ruled Congress could not ban slavery in territories 5) Secession: Southern states leaving the Union to keep slaves

Do Now: Write these down… Why are these terms often compared? New Deal & Great Society Jackson, Lincoln, FDR Lincoln Civil War, FDR WWII Chinese Exclusion Act & Sacco & Vanzetti Case McCarthyism & Patriot Act Miranda v. Arizona & Gideon v. Wainwright Plessy v. Ferguson & Brown v. Board of Education

Reform Movements

Latino Farm Workers Movement 1960's increase in immigration from Latin American Harsh racism Took low wage jobs

United Farm Workers Led by Cesar Chavez (THINK CEASAR SALAD) Organized labor union of Latino Farm Workers Boycotts, strikes, and other non-violent methods

Women’s Liberation Movement - 1960s/1970s: More women in workforce - Job and Wage discrimination - Main Issue: “EQUAL PAY FOR EQUAL WORK“ - Betty Friedan = The Feminine Mystique - Women not happy in traditional role - Inspires the women’s rights movement

Feminism Feminism = economic, social, and political equality between sexes NOW (National Organization of Women – 1966) - Founded by Betty Friedan - Fought for better educational opportunities - Gender equality is a civil right

Equal Rights Amendment (1972) - Men and women would have total equality under the law - Failed to be ratified: it needed 38 states, only 35 ratified it Phyllis Schlafly: led the opposition to ERA

Birth Control Pill= Freedom for Women

Roe v. Wade (1973) Issue: Abortions - N.O.W. women's right to choose whether or not to carry out a pregnancy - “Back- alley Abortions”: 1000s of abortions every year that were dangerous and unregulated Infertility & Death Decision: - Supreme Court states women have right to choose, privacy over their bodies (9th & 14th Amendments) - Women can have an abortion w/in 1st 3 months of pregnancy - Wedge issue by politicians, not as controversial among public

Title IX (1972) Part of the Education Amendments of 1972 passed by Congress Funding for sports must be equal between sexes Results: tremendous increase in female participation in sports; others criticized the fact that some male sports were cut as a result

Environmental Movement Silent Spring by Rachel Carson brought attention to the lack of environmental regulations in the US Discussed the use of DDT and other pesticides that were dangerous to humans and birds Considered the start of the modern day environmental movement

Clean Air Act 1963 -- Gov't passes law that regulates car & factory emissions April 22, 1970 = first "Earth Day"

Consumer Protection Ralph Nader - wrote the book, Unsafe At Any Speed (1965) - detailed the resistance of car manufacturers to spend money on research for safety features (seat belts) - Also discussed pollution caused by cars *** Rachel Carson and Ralph Nader are often compared to the muckrakers of the Progressive Era