1. Chapter 28 – The Civil Rights Movement
Section Notes
Video
The Civil Rights Movement Takes Shape
Kennedy, Johnson, and Civil Rights
Rights for Other Americans
The Impact of Equal Rights and Justice for All
Maps
Freedom Rides, 1961
Images
Quick Facts
Elizabeth Eckford
Biography: Rosa Parks
Martin Luther King Jr.
Lyndon Johnson and Civil Rights
Assessment: Women in the Labor Force
The Great Society
Chapter 28 Visual Summary

2. Rights for Other Americans
The Big Idea
Encouraged by the success of the civil rights movement, many groups worked for equal rights in the 1960s.
Main Ideas
Hispanic Americans organized for civil rights and economic opportunities.
The women’s movement worked for equal rights.
Other Americans also fought for change.

3. Main Idea 1: Hispanic Americans organized for civil rights and economic opportunities.
America’s Hispanic population growing
1960: 4 million
1970: 10 million
Diverse origins– Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and other Latin American countries
Success of African American civil rights movement encouraged Hispanic Americans to fight for their own rights.

4. Cesar Chavez Hispanic American activist
Formed union in 1962 that would later become the United Farm Workers (UFW)
Committed to goal of better pay and working conditions for migrant farm workers
Led the UFW in a five-year strike and boycott against California grape growers
Workers won better wages and benefits in 1970.

5. Cesar Chavez Committed to non-violent protest
Inspired young leaders in Chicano movement
His work impacted new legislation.
Amendment to 1968 Elementary and Secondary Education Act required schools to teach students whose first language was not English in both languages until they learned English.
Voting Rights Act of 1975 required communities with large immigrant populations to print ballots in the voters’ preferred language.

6. Main Idea 2: The women’s movement worked for equal rights.
Activists brought attention to women’s position in society
A 1963 government commission reported fewer job opportunities and lower pay for women.
Legislation was passed to help equalize rights.
1963 Equal Pay Act– required many employers to pay men and women equal salaries for same work.
Civil Rights Act of 1964– banned discrimination based on gender and race

7. Main Idea 2: The women’s movement worked for equal rights.
Women began questioning traditional roles.
The women’s movement worked for equal rights.
Author Betty Friedan became a leader of modern women’s rights movement.
National Organization for Women (NOW) founded in Equality in educational and career opportunities.
Women like Shirley Chisholm, the first African American woman elected to Congress, worked for change by running for office.

8. Women’s Rights in the 1970s Equal Rights Amendment
Women’s rights organizations supported an amendment to the Constitution
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
Outlaw all discrimination based on sex
Conservative activists, such as Phyllis Schlafly worked to stop it. She said it hurt families.
Though initially approved by Congress, it did not get ratified.

9. Women’s Rights in the 1970s New Opportunities
Despite failure of ERA, women’s movement achieved many goals.
New opportunities in education and workplace
Began winning political offices at all levels

10. Main Idea 3: Other Americans also fought for change.
Native Americans
Native Americans lack control over Tribal lands.
National Congress of American Indians helped win passage of the Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968 allowing tribes to gain more control over reservation lands.
American Indian Movement founded in 1968 to fight for rights
Native Americans
Protests were organized, some of which ended in violence.

11. Main Idea 3: Other Americans also fought for change.
Disabled
Disabled in Action created in 1970 to raise awareness of challenges facing people with disabilities and to work for legislation.
The Rehabilitation Act of Banned Federal agencies from discriminating against people with disabilities.
Disabled
The Education of Handicapped Children Act of 1975-Provided quality education to children with disabilities.
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) outlawed all discrimination against people with disabilities.

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