Cell Lesson 1

Goal 1: Review the structure and function of the cell and those organelles important for DNA replication and protein synthesis.

The Cell There are two major types of cells: Prokaryotic Cell: (without a nucleus, or membrane bound organelles) e.g. bacteria Eukaryotic Cell: (contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles) e.g. animals, plants, fungi, protists

Eukaryotic Cells Prokaryotic Cells

Label with a partner

Video: Crash Course Biology—Eukaryopolis: https://www. youtube

STRUCTURE FUNCTION 1. Centrioles In animal cells only, involved in spindle fiber formation for cell division 2. Chromatin Packages of DNA involved in mitosis and meiosis 3. Nucleolus Makes RNA involved in protein synthesis 4. Nucleus Control centre of cell; contains DNA; surrounded by nuclear membrane 5. Vacuole Stores water, nutrients and waste 6. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (sER) Transportation highway of the cell, makes hormones and lipids 7. Golgi Apparatus Modifies, stores, packages proteins and other compounds 8. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (rER) Involved in protein synthesis; contains ribosomes 9. Ribosome Makes proteins—attached to rER and in cytoplasm 10. Cytoplasm Jelly-like substance that contains organelles 11. Cell Membrane Surrounds cell, controls what enters/exits the cell 12. Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell—releases Energy from glucose in Cell Respiration 13. Cytoskeleton Gives cell shape and support; helps in movement of materials within cell

Plant Cells: There are some differences in comparison to animal cells: - The shape of the cell is more rectangular - There is only 1 large central vacuole - There are no centrioles -Surrounding the cell membrane is a cell wall made of cellulose that helps give it structure - Plant cells contain chloroplasts that are involved in photosynthesis

CELL ANALOGY PROJECT